Zofate Inpumkhatna

ZOFATE INPUMKHATNA

-          Dr Malsawmliana

Kumin Chapchar kut thupui atan Zofate inpumkhatna tih thlan a ni hi a lawmawm hle mai.  Zo hnahthlakte hi kan lo \hahnem  chho ve zel a, kan chenna hmun pawh a darh sarh ta hle ta mai. Khawvel hmun hrang hrangah kan inzar darh ve tawh a, kan \hang chho zel dawn ni te pawhin a lang. Hetiang a nih avang hian kan awmna ram leh hmun a zirin kan khawsak phung pawh a danglam ve tial tial a, kan chin dan pawh a inang lo chho hret hret bawk. Kan chhehvela hnam lian zawkte nunphung leh chin dan te pawhin nasa takin hnam tlem zawkte chu a lo chiah ve lo thei lo bawk a.

Burma rama Zo hnahthlak unaute leh Mizoram chhunga chengte, Bangladesh, Tripura leh hmundanga a chengte chu kan khawsak phung a danglam a, kan \awng hman pawh a danglam hret hret bawk avangin unau kan nih thu hi sawi rik fo leh inpumkhatna tura hmalak a nih loh chuan tun a\anga kum engemaw zat hnuah chuan kan inhransan ang tih hlauhawm tak a ni.

Mizo hnam kan han tih maiah hian chi peng engemaw zat kan awm a, kum 1947-a Mizo Union party in India Sawrkara Governor-General hnena Memorandum an thlenah hetiang hian Mizo hnam peng hrang hrang te ziah lan an ni -  Aimol, Anal, Bawng, Paite, Bawmzo, Chiru, Chawhte, Chawrai, Chongthu, Chawngthu, Darlawng, Dawn, Fanai, Hmar, Hrangkhawl, Hnamte, Kaihpeng, Khumi, Khiang, Khiangte, Khawlhring, Kawm, Lushei, Lakher, Langrawng, Mualthuam, Miria, Ngente, Paite, Pawi, Purum, Pangkhua, Pangte, Pautu, Pawite, Ralte, Renthlei, Thadou, Tarau, Tikhup, Tlanglau, Tlau, Vangchhia, Vaiphei, Zou, Zawngte, Gangte etc.  Heng Mizo hnam peng hrang hrangte hi India ram chhung –Mizoram, Manipur, Tripura, Assam ah te leh Burma ram leh Bangladesh ah te an cheng hlawm a. A \hen hi chuan Mizo hnam an ni tih pawh a inhre tawh lo mai thei e. Pu B. Lalthangliana ziah dan phei chuan Manipur State-a  Mizo chi peng panga – Aimol, Anal (Pakan), Chiru, Maring leh Moyon te chu Naga hnamah chhan hrang hrang avangin an lo inziak lut der tawh a ni awm e.  ( Mizo Identity, B. Lalthangliana, Ram leh hnam humhalh, CYMA, 1998). Engpawh nise, kan chenna hmun leh \awng hman a zirin inmihran hi a lo awl viau dawn a ni.

Capt LZ Sailo chuan Tripura vela a zinkualnaah Zo hnahthlak hnam \henkhatte a tlawh chhuak a, an ni chuan Mizo an ni tih pawh an lo inhre tawh lova, an lo bo thui tawh hle ni a a hriat avangin a rilru ah hla a lo lut a,

Unaute u, in damtlang a lawm maw ?

Rinawmna chibai in dawng thei em ?

Chhinlung chhungkhat Zoram chhehvela mi te,

Insuihkhawm leh zai I rel ang u.

Unau te u, han dawn nawn leh teh u,

Khawvel unau hnam dang hriattir zel hi;

Kan nihna chung Pathian lo ruat sa ang khan;

Rinawmna chibai inbuk ang le;

Chhinlung chhungkhat Zofa kan nih hre rengin.

Insuihkhawm leh zai I rel ang u’ tiin a lo phuah chhuak ta nghe nghe a ni.

Capt LZ Sailo khan Zofate insuihkhawm lehna tur leh inpumkhatna tur hian a \hatlai hun zawng zawng a hmang zo a, Zofate chenna hmun hrang hrangah zin kualin he thu hi a tlangau pui \hin a nih kha, Mizo hnam tan chuan mi ropui a ni kumkhua tawh ang.

Tunhma deuh, inkalpawh zung zung awlsam hma kha chuan Zo hnahtlak \heuh \heuh pawh kan in en dan a dang hman viau a. Kan unau khawchhak lama awm te, Manipur, Assam, Tripura, Bangladesh lama awm te pawh kan inpawh tawn lo hle a, ‘unau hmel hai’ te pawh a lo awm tawh \hin a ni.

"Mahse vangkhua leta fan leh ni chuan,

I chhunga lungduh naufa zawngte;

'Khawchhak mi' tia hming min selin,

Sirah nemten puan ang min lo hnawl e."

tih hla te pawh a lo pian chhuah phah a nih kha. He hla lo pian dan chungchang \hianpa Lalhruaitluanga Chawngte in hetiang hian a ziak a, i han tarlang teh ang - 

“T.Zorampela te hi Burma ram Mandalay-ah an cheng \hin a, Burma a\anga Aizawla zin Mizo paho an mikhual \hin. An mikhualte chuan Mizoram mite'na an lo hmuhsit dan an sawi \hin a, chu'ng chuan Zorampela rilrua ti-na ta a ni. Amah T. Zorampela chu Mizo em em mai a ni a, a farnu te pawh kawl \awng hman a khap hial. Mizoram a ngai \hin em em. Mahse, Mizoram-in Burma rama cheng Zofate a lo mikhual dan a hriat chuan a rilru a na em em \hin.

“Mizoramin Burma rama cheng Zofate a hmuhsit avanga rilru na T Zorampela pawh kha artist a ni a, chem sen leh hriamhrei hmanga inhri thla lovin, art hmangin a inhri thla ta a nih hi.  'Duhaisam' tih hla pawh chuan mi \henkhat thinlung a vit \hin tih ka hria a, chu chuan Zofate inpumkhatna a thlen a nih chuan a tawk mai lo'm ni ka ti.” ( Nghapih Concert, Zozam Weekly, June, 2009)

Engpawh nise, kan intlawhpawh tam loh leh kan awmna hmun a hran avang te, kan \awng hman a inan loh avangte leh kan chenna bul hnaia hnam lian zawk ten min chiah hneh tak avangte in hetiang harsatna hi chu a thleng mai chauh a ni. Tin, politics kal sual avang pawhin hnam khat in mihranna hi a thleng thei bawk.

“ Ka dawn \hin kan Zoram hi, Engah nge hnam khat unau te;

            Doral an chan tak hi, Hmelma duhthusam in maw,

            Kan hnam leh kan ram a phel ang maw !

            Kei zawng thinlai a na, ka phal thei lo”

Lalrindiki Khiangte in thinlung taka he hla a han sa vawng vawngte hi hnuk a ti ulh a, ngaihtuahna a ti kal ding thei khawp mai.

Tun \umah hian kan thupui hi insuihkhawm tih ni lovin inpumkhatna lam a ni a, a hawi zawng a dang hret awm e. Insuihkhawm a nih chuan hmunkhata awm ho emaw rorelna pakhat hnuaia awm emaw a kawk deuh a, inpumkhat erawh chuan mahni awmna hmun \heuh a\ang pawhin thinlung taka inpumkhat theih a ni. Tunhnaiah nasa takin Zofate inpumkhatna lamah hian kan \hangharh a, a lawmawm hle a ni. Political party lo ding tawh zawng zawng leh tuna ding mekte pawh hian an thiltumah Zofate inpumkhatna lam thu an tlangau pui vek a, an hmalakna ah pawh heti lam hi an hma chho vek a ni. Chutiangin thuziak mite leh hla phuah thiam te pawhin heti lam hi an hawi vek bawk a ni. Zirlai pawl leh tlawmngai pawl leh a dangte pawhin hemi lam hi hma theh berah kan nei ta zel bawk. Hnam \hanharhna nasa tak leh ropui tak a ni.

          Kan inpumkhat theihna tura thil pawimawh ni a lang \henkhat chauh han tarlang ila :

Zohnahthlak hnam hrang hrang, mahni chi bil \awng hmangtute hi engtin nge kan inpumkhat theih ang ? tih hi kan ngaihtuah fo a \ul. Kan \awng hran avanga inen dan dang ta h< te hi kan inpumkhatna daltu an ni a, Duhlian \awng ringawt hi Mizo \awnga pawm lova, Zo hnahthlak \awng hrang hrangte hi Mizo \awng vek a nih zia leh Mizo \awnga kan pawm vek zia te hi kan sawi nawn fo a \ul. ‘Anni \awng, keini \awng’ kan tih fo te hi a reh a ngai. Chutih rualin \awng tlanglawn (common language), chi peng zawng zawngin kan thiam tlan vek erawh kan neih a ngai thung.

Mizoram chhungah ngei pawh hmar lamah Duhlian hmang hi a tam zawk an ni a,  chhim lamah Mara leh Lai \awng hman lar a lo ni leh a, hmar tlangdungah Hmar \awng hman a lo ni leh bawk a, hmarchhak lamah Paite \awng a lo lar leh bawk a. Duhlian/Mizo \awng an hman loh mai avangin Mizo an ni ta lo emaw ti lovin Mizo \awng veka kan pawm thiam a \ha hle mai. Anni pawh hian Mizo \awng vek tho an hmang tiin pawm mai ila, a hahdam thlak awm e.

Chutih rualin Zo hnahthlak hrang hrangte hian mahni chi bing \awng te kan hman bik fur erawh chuan inpumkhat hi a har hle ang. Chuvangin tuna kan hman tlanglawn ber Lusei/Duhlian \awng hi kan tihausak zel a ngai. Mizo hnam pumpui huap leh kan thiam tlan ber a ni bawk a.

Duhlian \awng hi Mizo \awng dangte nen pawh hian an inzul viau a, a bikin Ralte \awng nen phei chuan a inzul hle a, a tam zawk chu a inang a ngaih a ni.  Kum 2007 khan B. Lalthangliana chuan Mizo \awng peng hrang hrangte \awng inhnaih dan a lakhawm a, chung zingah chuan Mizo \awng, Hmar, Lai, Paite, Ralte leh Thado-Kuki \awng te hi 28.16 % vel lai a inang a, Mizo \awng leh hmar \awng bik phei chu 71.59% a inang a, Mizo \awng leh Lai \awng 65.73% leh Ralte \awng nen 87.21% lai a inang tih a hmu chhuak. (B. Lalthangliana, Mizo tawng \obul leh a chhehvel in Laltluangliana Khiangte (ed) ‘Mizo Tawng zir zauna Bu Thar’, MILLTA, Aizawl, 2015, p.38). A bul \hutah leh innghahna Duhlian \awng ni mahse ‘Mizo \awng’ ti a dah hian a huam zau tawh zawk a ni. Luseiho \awng mai ni tawh lovin Zo hnahthlak zawng zawngten kan \awng tualleng bera kan neih (Common language) a ni tawh a, neitu bik awm tawh lo, kan vaia \awng a ni tawh a. A hlu em em tawh a ni. Zo hnahthlak hrang hrangte pawhin \awng bik nei tho mah ila, he \awng hi kan \awng tuallenga kan hman ber leh kan thiam tlan ber a nih avangin ‘Mizo -\awng’a kan pawm a \ha hle ang.

Chutihrualin kan \awng dangte hi a ral mai lohna turin kan vawn nun reng erawh a ngai thung. Chu chu Mizo hnam ropuina tur a ni. |awng hi min ti pumkhat tu pawimawh tak a ni a, min \hen darh tu a ni thei bawk.

A dawt lehah chuan inhmuhkhawm tam hi inpumkhatna a ni. ‘Tanrual hi chakna a ni’ an tih angin inhmu ngai lo chu an innel thei lova, inhmangaih a har bawk a, inthurual a har bawk.  Chhungkhat laina pawh kan inhmuhkhat chuan inngainat chu sawi loh, kan inhre lo thuai a, \henawm hnai te kan hmangaihna a lo thuk zawk fe tawh \hin. Chuvangin Zo hnahthlak hmun tina cheng te pawh kan inpumkhat theihna tur chuan kan inhmuh tam a, kan tal ho fo a \ul.

Hemi kawngah hian YMA leh zirlai pawl, a bikin MZP te hian nasa takin hma an la \hin a,  MZP phei chuan ‘Zofest’ buatsaihin khawvel hmun hrang hranga Zo hnahthlak awmte sawm khawmin inpumkhatna turin hun hlimawm tak an buatsaih \hin a ni.  Mizo hnam hrang hrangten, anmahni puala zirlai pawl an din te pawh MZP chuan thlauhthla kher lovin thiam takin an awpkhawm a, MZP ah an inziak lut vek a, an nih ang angin an pawm thiam a, hei hian nasa takin inunauna a thlen a ni. MZP in Zofate inpumkhatna tur leh inunauna tura an thawh hlawk zia hi sawi fe tham a awm.

Chutiangin YMA pawhin Manipura Zo hnathlak Gangte unau te pawh YMA ah an lo lawm lut tawh a, Tripura lama Darlawng  hnam te pawh YMA ah lawmluh an lo ni tawh bawk a. Zo hnahthlak chibinga awm ten mahni awm awma awm mai lova, Mizo hnam tlawmngai pawl a an inchhunglut hi a ropui hle a ni.  Zoram pawna Zofate awmna ah chuan YMA a lo ding chho zel a, Bangladesh thlengin. Hei hian Mizo fate inunauna leh inpumkhatna, zai khata luan luhna atan kawngro nasa takin a su a ni.

January 29, 2016 khan Lawngtlaia LIKBK Assembly Conference Hall-ah Central YMA, Central Young Lai Association (CYLA) leh Mara Thyutlia Py (MTP) hruaituten Joint Meeting an nei a. Thawhho dan turte sawiho in thawhhona thuthlung te pawh an lo siam tawh nghe nghe  a ni. Chumi kal zelah chuan ni 25 November, 2016 ah Aizawl Sipai lammualah Joint Cultural    Meet buatsaih a ni a, hei hian thui takin Mizoram chhunga Zofate chengte inpumkhatna turin kawngro a su a ni.

ZORO pawl hi Zofate insuihkhawm lehna tura din a nih angin hemi lam kawngah chuan a hnathawh hi a ropuiin thui tak sawi tur a awm. May 19-21, 1988 a Champhaia 1^st World Zo Re-Unification Convention  neih a han ni te kha ZORO lo dinchhuahna bul a ni a, khami \umah khan khawvel hmun hrang hrang atanga Zo hnam hruaitu kalkhawmte chuan Zo Hnam insuihkhawm lehna tur thuthlung an siam kha a ni a. A ropui hle  a ni. Tun thleng hian ZORO chuan hemi lam hi a dinchhan a nih ang ngeiin a bei chho ta char char a ni.

Heng bakah hian kumtina kan hman \hin, Chapchar Kut leh thildangah te hian hmun hrang hranga Zofate sawmkhawma hnam lam kan entir \hin hi a \angkai em em bawk a ni. Mizorama inchahkhawm mai tawh lovin tunhnaiah phei chuan Chin Hills lama Zofaten Chapchar Kut an hmannaah Mizoram lam a\angin lam thiam leh zai thiam te an sawm ta fo bawk a. Hei hian nasa takin min pawt hnai a, min ti pumkhat leh zual a ni.

A pathumna ah chuan, chi bil leh hnam pual hming emaw, khaw bil hming emaw vuah a hmasawnna lam ruahmanna siam ang chi a theih ang anga pumpelh a \ha. Entirnan, Phuldungsei Constituency tih aia Dampa Constituency tih te hi a pawm a nuam a, Ngopa bial tih aia Lengteng bial han tih te hi a hahdamthlak. Chutiang zelin Development Council kan han neih ang chi te pawh hnam pual bil ni lovin a huamchhunga mi te, eng hnam pawh huam thei tur zawng leh an pawm theih tur zawnga a hming phuah thiam te hi a pawimawh. A ram leilung leh tlangdung hming han put tir daih te hian ‘bik’ nihna a pai bova, ‘in\awm’ na min neih tir.

A palina ah chuan, a hma lama \awng chungchanga inpawm tawn vek a \ul thu kan sawi zuai tawh angin inpumkhat tur chuan inhriatthiam tawnna a pawimawh. Rilru zau tak kan neih a ngai a, Mizo hnam hrang hrangten chin dan leh tihdan phung kan neih ang ang te kan inzah sak tawn a, kan inhriatthiam tawn a pawimawh hle a ni. Kan nunphung te kan inzahsak tawn a \ul a, kan eisiam dan te, hming phuah dan chungchangah te leh khawsak dan phungte pawh a inan vek loh avangin inhriatthiam tawnna kan neih a pawimawh em em a ni. Mizoram chhunga chengte zingah ringawt pawh kan pianna leh seilenna hmun a zirin kan \awngkauchheh leh kan chin dan a hrang thluah thei. Chuvangin inpumkhatna tur chuan rilru zau put a ngai hle.

A panganaah chuan, thuziak hian min \hendarh thei a, min tipumkhat leh thei bawk. Mizo history a chhim leh hmar indo chhan ni an sawi \hin chu,

            “ Buanhmun pai ang pawm tawh hnu,

            Chengteah lam ang let leh e, Lalpuithang lema”

tih mai a ni. He hla tlar hnih avang ngawt a indona a chhuak thei anih chuan,

Unaute u in damtlang alawm maw ?

Rinawmna chibai inbuk ang le;

Chhinlung chhungkhat Zofa kan nih hre rengin.

Insuihkhawm leh zai I rel ang u’

Tih hla tlar li lek pawh hian Zofa, tlang hrang hranga chengte hi min tihpumkhat nasat theih zia hi sawi tham a awm. Hei hian thu leh hla in kawngro a sut zia a ti langchiang hle mai.

Thuziak mi te an pawimawh hle. Chi leh chi inhuatna ti chhuak thei zawnga thuziak te, hnam khat voh bik neia thuziak chin te, midang dah hniama mahni indahsang zawnga thuziak te hian a in\hendarh zawngin hna a thawk tih kan hriat fo a \ul. Mizo hnam hlapui ni a kan ngaih tak ‘Ro min rel sak ang che’ tih kan sak laia a sa tute thinlung hi hmuh theihin awm ta se, tho thil ang \hap a nih a rinawm. He hla hian min phuar khawm a, hnam rilru min put tir a, Mizo hnam min chawi sang a, mi hnuaia kun duh lohna rilru a tuh a, \anrualna min siam sak a, ngaihdan thuhmun min put tir a, ‘chhawrpial r

 Pu Nehru-a ten India ram ropui tak chhungah hnam hrang hrang, nunphung leh chin dan inang lo tak tak te inlungrual taka an cheng za a ni ti a ‘Unity in diversity’ an lo hrilhfiah ang khan, Mizo hnam lianpui chhungah hian chi peng hrang hrangte hi inngeih tak leh inpawm tawnin, rilru zau tak pu a intih bikna leh inlak hranna rilru pu lovin, Mizo tak si a kan awm thiam a \ul hle a ni. Kan inpumkhat lohna hi tudang vang ni lovin keimahni kan ni.  Kan awmna hmun leh ram hrang mahse, kan \awng hman lo hrang hlek pawh nise, ‘Mizo hnam’ kan nih chhung chuan kan hrang tak tak thei lo. Kan rilru ah Mizo hnam hi lo lian ber se, tichuan khuavel kan la chhing ngei ang.

“ Chu hun chu ka nghakhlel e,

            Lungrualte a chhinlung chhuak,

            Hmatiang kan sawn hun tur chu,

            Zoram mai duhtawk lovin,

Khuavel kan la chhing ngei ang”

26.02.2019

Ka Hla duhzawng

Ka hla duh zawng

- Dr Malsawmliana

"Aw Lalpa Davida leh a thlah arsi,

I felna ram atan Nangin min buatsaih

Ka lawmna tuifinriat angin a liam a,

Thih lui kamah zaiin i hming ka fak ang." KHB No.9

He hla ropui tak phuahtu Patea (Zaliana) hi Mizorama chanchintha lo luh kum 1894 khan a  piang a, a pa chu Selbuanga niin a nu chu Sinnawii a ni. A naupan laiin a pa in a boral san a, a nu ho in an awm ta a. Pa nei lo a nih avangin a thiante hmuhsit leh ngaihnep a hlawh viau a, thiante zingah pawh chhantu a nei ve ngai lo. An chhungkaw khawsak harsat avangin kum 1904 khan Khawbung 'S' Lal, Lalbika inah an tlu lut ta ringawt a. Hetah hian a puitlin thlengin a khawsa ta a ni. Kum 1950 March 30 khan kum 56 mi niin he laia a zin kawng hrehawm tak chu Samthanga khuaah a lo zawh tawp ta a ni.

He hla hi Patea  hla phuah hmasak ber dawttu ni a ngaih a ni a, kum 1921-22 vela phuah ni a rin a ni. Hla 55 vel a phuah zingah he hla hi thuk leh ril ber a ngaih a ni. Patea hi mi nunnem leh zaidam, kawm nuam tak leh thil reng reng hi a hlim zawng hlira thlir thin mi a ni a,

'Ka lawmna tuifinriat angin a liam a,

Thih lui kamah zaiin ka fak ang.'

a ti thei hial a, Mizo Kristian hlain a chimsan lai ber a ni kan ti thei ang. Naupang a nih laia a nun hrehawm tak thin kha a puitlin hnu pawhin a la theihnghilh lo niin a lang a, a hla phuah ah hian a lang tam hle  a ni. He leiah lungngai leh hrehawnin leng mah se, nakinah vanah atan hmun buatsaih sak a ni dawn tih a hria a,

' Lalpa, khawiah nge ni hmun min buatsaihna ?

Daniela angin tukverhah ka thlir ang;

Rangkachak thianghlim leh a hmun ropui chu,

Hrehawmah pawh thingthi talin ka thlir ang'

a la ti fan fan thei a, a entawn tlak hle a ni.

Patea hian retheih leh buai leh lungngaihna ramah hian khawvel hi a hlimawm thei ang ber zawngin a thlir a, thil reng reng hi a hmu 'par' vek emaw ni a tih theih. A hla phuah 54 velah hian 'par' tih hi hmun 40 velah a lang hial a ni. A hla hi pangar huan ang maiin a vul chuk reng mai a  ni.

A hnukchah dawn tep a, a tawng theih tawh loh hnu pawhin  ri lovin a nui var var a, a kuta van lam kawk chungin hlim hmel em emin 'van ropuina ha' turin a tawlh liam ta a ni. Samthang khaw thanmualah phum a ni a, a hnuah Khawbung 'S' khuaa  'Hla kungpui mual'  ah hla phuah thiam Damhauha nen an zalh dun ta a ni.

'Mihring ka nih hma pawhin Lalpa Isu,

Thisena man dang beisei lova min tlan;

Chhiar sengin han hrethiam teh reng ila aw,

Khawvel zaia ti khat turin ka bei ang.'

August, 1995

Mizo Pasaltha te khawvel

Hmanlai Mizo Pasalthate khawvel

-          Malsawmliana

Hmanlai kan pi leh pute huna pasaltha te pawimawhna kha tunlai hun atanga kan teh dawn chuan ral laka min veng tu Sipai huaisen ang hi an ni awm e. Sipai tih mai pawh hian a el pha kher lo ang. A chhan chu, ral laka khua venghimtu an ni satliah mai lova, khawtlang nun kengtu leh siamtu, nu leh pa zawng zawngin an fapa te pawh an len huna ni vek tura an duh kha an ni tlat. Chuvang chuan a ni naupangte an nih lai pawhin rallu an aih nikhuaah chempuia an sah tir thin ni.

Naupangho infiamna pakhat ‘Sakei lem chan’ hian naupangte rilru ah huaisenna leh tlawmngaihna nasa takin a tuh a, infuihna tha tak a ni. ‘Sakei lema chang naupang chuan a kawngah puan a hreng a, a puan hmawr sei lam chu sakei mei angin  a ngum zawnah a ti uia hnuang a, bawkvakin a kal a. Sakei tih danin naupangho awmkhawm chu an hriat loh hlanin a va zuan a, pakhat chu a zuan thlu a, daipawn lamah a hnuk sawn a. Tichuan a thiante chuan chhanchhuah tumin chem lem leh fei lemin an bei let a, an thianpa chu an chhanchhuak ta thin a ni.’ He infiamna hi a hunlaia pasaltha te nun chiang takin a pho lang a ni.

An khuaah pasaltha an thahnem chuan Lal ropuina a ni a, khawtlang an muang thin. Lal leh upa te thla a muang a, an lalna a nghet sauh thin. Chumai a ni lova, pasaltha ten an sakah te Lal an hleh thin avangin Lal in chawhmeh tui tha tha a hmeh theih phah a, chuvangin a Pasaltha te kha be chhe thei a ni lo. Tin, khaw khata Thingserh sat ngam tlangval an thahnem chuan ‘Lal khua leh tui chhan nan ka nun ka pe phal e’ ti an tam tihna a ni a, an thlamuang em em thin.

An tawnah lal lai,

Lalvung run lian pawhin;

Nghing zai reng rel lovin,

Muangten ning zu an dawn nilen.

Luidung khawkrawk karah ral bei tura pasaltha, silai pu chunga an han sawt per thauh thauh leh ralthah thisen kai hniang chunga mahni khaw lam an han pan chhak chhak te chuan khawtlang mipuite thla a ti muang a. Chutiang mi chu Lal pawhin hmuhnawm a ti thin a, a uanna ber pawh a ni. Kawng lehlamah chuan pasaltha huaisen ngah tur chuan Lal in a zir a ngai a, Lal sual leh hrawn hrehawm khuaah pasaltha an awm thei ngai lo. An pemsan daih thin. Chuvangin Lal leh a pasaltha te kha an thawhhona a that a ngai a, an in chawimawi thiam tawn chuan a hlawkna chu mipuiin an tel thin. Sabual Lal, Lalburha kha pa fing leh rorel thiam tak a ni a, kum 1877-1883 chho vel khan Berhbialah In 1300 vel neiin a awm an ti. Hetih lai hian pasaltha pawh a ngah a, a ropui vanglai tak a ni awm e. An sawi dan chuan ‘archhiar kailawnah silai a hmang a, vawk chaw thlengah darkhuang a hmang’ an ti. A ropui khawp mai. Heti em em a a ropuina chhan hi Pasaltha huaisen engemaw zat a neih vang a ni. Heng zingah hian Pasaltha Khuangchera pawh a tel ve nghe nghe.

Kawng lehlamah chuan khaw khat pasaltha te pawh hi an inel nasa thin a, Lal laka tlaktlum duh vang leh huaisen zawk nih duh vangte in an inel in an iner nasa hle thin. Chuvangin Lalin a duhsak lo deuh emaw a ti tha lo deuh emaw ni a an inhriat chuan khaw dangah an pem san daih thin bawk. Tumkhat chu Berhbial rama Thlengdar rama Thelret chu Parvatui Lal Lianphunga khaw pasaltha Khuangchera leh Neihthanga ten a hnai an lo sawk a. Chu chu Lalburha khaw pasaltha Lamsuaka ten an man a, khuaah an chhawm haw a. Mahse Khuangchera chu pasaltha ve tho a nih avangin an phuar bet ve ta lova. Lal te pawhin an ti tha hle a, a hnu ah an chhuah leh mai a. He thu hi an Lal, Lianphunga’n a lo hriatin Khuangchera chu an ti tha vak ta lo a ni ang, Khuangchera pawh chuan an khua chu nuam a ti ta bik lova. “Chhim khaw lianah ngei hming ka’n chher teh ang” tiin amah mantute khua Berhbialah chuan a pem lut ve ta a. Tichuan Lalburha chuan pasaltha huaisen tak pakhat a neih belh leh ta a ni. Amaherawhchu, Berhbialah hian Khuangchera hi a awm rei vak lo ni awm a ni, Sailianpuia khua Reiek ah a pem leh ta a.

                                   

Tin, pasalthate chu an sakah leh an dam laia an khawsak dan a zirin an thih hnu thleng pawhin pialral kai tura ngaih an ni bawk. Chuvangin hmanlai Mizo khawtlang nuna pasalthate pawimawhna kha a thuk hle a ni. Mizo piputen an dam laia an tum ber leh an chak ber chu thih hnua a Pialral kai kha a ni a, chu thih hnu nun ngaihtuahna chuan an dam lai nun nasa takin a khawih a, a kaihhruai kan ti thei awm e. Thangchhuaha Pialral kai hi an tum ber a ni a, amaherawhchu In lama thangchhuah ni tur chuan ei leh barah khawsa thei nih a ngai a, sial leh ran vulh dangah hmuingil a ngai bawk a. Chuvangin Lal leh awmthei deuh te chauhvin thang an chhuah thei a, mi naran tan thil harsa leh tih theih loh tluk a ngaih a ni. Amaherawhchu, khawsa thei ve lem lo, pasaltha ni si tan chuan kawng a inhawng zau hle thung. Pasaltha in ram lama thangchhuah thei tura ramsa kah tur bituk a kah chuan Thang a chhuah thei a, a thih hnuah Pialral a kai ve thei dawn a ni. Chumi a nih avang chuan pasaltha chu ramchhuah ve reng a ngai a, in lamah a awm tam ngai lo. A hun zawng zawng deuh thaw chu ramhnuaiah a hmang a, tin an khua kha leido nei an nih phei chuan raldo reng rengin hun an hmang thin bawk. Pasaltha Thangchhuah te chu an thihin Pialral a kai tura ngaih an ni a. Mitthi khaw kawtchhuah Zingvawnzawlah a sakah zawng zawng leh a aihnan a ran atalh zawng zawng nen an rawn ri phei bawp bawp a. Kawtchhuah nghaktu Pawla leh a nupui, Sanu-i te pawhin an lo hmu ngam thin lo a ni. Sa aihnana a Se talh te an rawn in si phei bawp nawpa, Sechal kiu ri nen ramsa nen an rawn ri hum hum a. Pawla te nupa pawhin mi ropui a rawn kal dawn tih an hria a, an lo inbuatsaih nasa thin hle a ni an ti.

Pasalthate nun kha a hahthlak a, amaherawhchu chawimawina an dawn thin kha chu a tunlai hun angah hi chuan Kumpinu Sawrkarin ‘kniighthood/Sir’ nihna a pek tluk leh India Sawrkarin ‘Param Vir Chakra’ a pek tluk zeta hlu a ni thung. An han rammu vang vang a, an ral thah chungah emaw a bulah emaw vawi thum a hming chhalin Bawhhla a’n chham vang vang a. Mahni ralthah chunga mahni hming chhala bawhhla han chham vang vang chu a ropui a, an tum ber pawh a ni reng a ni. A chhan chu ral an thah hian an thih hnuah chhiahhlawh tur an nei dawn tihna a ni a, an hming an chham hnan kher nachhan pawh a thih hnuah a ralthah (a chhiahhlawh) khan awlsam taka a lo hriat theihna tur a ni. Tunlaiah chuan miin zirna lamah Ph D a zawh ang vel a hlu ani mai thei. Hlawhtlinna tlang chhipa ding chungin hlado an chham vang vang mai a ni.

Chutah hlawhtling takin an rawn haw a, dai pawn hmun remchangah bawhhla an han chham ut ut mai a, ropui tak a ni. A tuk zingah nula hovin chhuang takin arkeziak nen an lo hmuak a, khawtlangin rallu an ai mup mup mai a. Hetianga ralthat, ai bawk chu khawtlangin an zah a, an ngaisang bawk a, an thlamuanpui bawk. Chuvangin a kalna apiangah chawimawi an hlawh a, zu hmunah phei chuan Nopui a dawm hmasa thin. Chu ringawt pawh chu hlu tak. Saikuti’n a chawimawi thiam hle :

‘Laimi man la, tanchhawn ka hlan ang che

Tualah leng la, lenrual su herin;

Nangmah hi maw lian khawpui chhan mihrang an hril chu,

Khawnlai dawn u, Tiau rala hnam len valte zawng chu.’

                        An lu ah ‘chhawn’ an han tawn ngauh a, an kawtah ‘hranghrual’ leh ‘kawkvahai’ an han tlar tuar(h) mai te chu an induh larh mai a. An thinur nikhua a inhrosak na ber pawh ‘Ka lu chhawntual, ka ban ralsamkuai’ tih a ni. An induh hle. Thli a thawt te hian an kawtah hranghrual te chu a in vaw ri thuau thuau a, chu chuan a ropuina a ti zual a, mipuite pawhin ropui an ti hle a ni. Hetiang dinhmun thleng tur hian an bei nasa a, mutmu pawh tuah hman lovin khawtlang him nan an thawk a, thih huamin an nun a thap tak meuh meuh a ni, chuvangin an chawimawina dawn hi inchhuan pui tham a ni reng a ni.

                        An rorum a, an huhang pawh a na hle a ni. Rammutna ah emaw ramvahna emaw reng reng an hlawhchham chuan a hnuah an kal leh ngat thin. Hlawhchhama haw an tum ngai lova, tlawm an tum ngai hek lo. Tumkhat chu Lusei lal hovin Halkha an rawt a, hetah hian pasaltha Thanghlianga a tel ve a. Thanghlianga hian a fapa hruai a tum chu a nupuiin a phal lova,  mahse ‘ sakeiin a note a thlauh ngai lo’ tiin a chhang a, a hruai ta a. Mahse Lusei hovin an inrin loh lai an beih thut avangin Thanghlianga fapa hi an that a, amah chu engtin tin emaw a haw thei hram a. A nupui chuan ‘Thanghliang, khawiah nge I fa?’ a lo ti vat a, a ni chuan ralin an that’ tiin a chhang a. Chutah leh a nupui chuan ‘sakeiin a note a thlauh ngai lo I ti a ni lawm ni?’ tih pahin a puanfen in a hem thuai a, ‘ I fapa phuba I lak hma chu ka bulah I mu thei lovang’ tiin order khauh tak mai a pe ta a ni. Pasaltha ve tak mai, a nupuiin a puanfen a a han hlap chu a la na khawp mai. A rang a rangin phuba la turin a chhuak ta nghal a ni. Heta tang hian Pasaltha te inrintawk zia leh huhang nat zia a lang a, an nupuite pawhin an thlamuanpui zia a lang awm e. Tin, nupuite pawnfen a vuak chu mipa tan tlawmna a nih zia a lang bawk.

                        Pasalthate kha an tlawmngai a, an ram an vei bawk a, thiante tan nun an hlan ngam bawk. An ramri chin ni a an hriat te kha chu theih ang tawkin humhalh an tum a, Cachar phai zawl lam te phei chu an veng tha hle a ni. Sap hovin thingpui huan an rawn siam te pawh an ngai thei lova, ‘kan sai ram chhuahna’ an ti a, an run mai thin a ni. Khatih lai khan nakin zela an thlahte tana ram hauhsak an nihna rilru kha an pu lo mai thei a, an ngaihtuahna ah pawh ‘nakina kan thlahte tan’ tiin an pu lo mai thei. Mahse an ram chin ni a an ngaih chu chan an tum lova, humhalh tlat an tum zawk a ni. Tin, ram leh hnam tan an inpek rual rualin thiante tan nunna an hlan ngam bawk. Tumkhat chu kum 1890 khan Mizoten Changsil kulh an kap a, hetah hian pasaltha Taitesena te thianzaho an tang khawm a. Mi nawlpui an haw hnuah Taitesena leh a thianpa Ngurbawnga te chu a hnukhawiah an awm a, sapho chuan Ngurbawnga chu a malpuiah an kap hliam a, a kal thei ta lova. Taitesena chuan a thianpa chu kalsan lovin a pua a, chutih lai chuan sapho chuan an rawn kaphlum ta a ni. Thiante chhan nan nunna a hlan ta a ni.

                                Ka ram ka hnam ka chi te,

                        An dam nan kei ti thin te,

                        Fam rolungmual an liam.

            Ziah tur tam tak a awm thei awm e. A tawp berah chuan Pasaltha te khan an hun zawng zawng kha an khawtlang leh ram tan an thawk a, an huaisenna kha khawtlang a muan a, mipui an him thin a ni. Tarlan tawh angin indo reng an nih avangin Pasalthate pawimawhna kha a nasa em em a, pasaltha ngah lo khua te chu an dingchhuak zo lo reng a nih kha.

           

Pipute sulhnu humhalh a tul

PIPUTE SULHNU HUMHALH A TUL

-          Dr Mals^wmliana

Mizote hi kan vanneihna chu kan pipute sulhnu zir tur leh humhalh tur tun thlenga kan la nei hi a ni. Khawvela hnam \henkhat te zingah an thlahtute sulhnu hmuh tur nei tawh lo leh zir tur pawh nei tawh lo te an awm a, chuvangin an hnam chanchin pawh thui tak chhui a har \hin a ni. Keini erawh chu kan ram chhung ngeiah leh kan chhehvel ( a bikin kan chawr chhuahna lam ni a kan ngaih Chin Hills etc.) ah te kan pipute sulhnu hmuh tur leh humhalh tur kan la nei a. Kan vannei em em a ni.

Heng sulhnu hlui hmuh theih a la awm te leh lei hnuaia inphum tawh te hi hnam chanchin leh mihring chanchin zirnan an \angkai em em a, heng aia \angkai leh rintlak (reliable sources) hi an awm chuang lo. Mizoramah hian hetiang sulhnu hlui hi kan ngah hle a, hmuhchhuah belh zel pawh a ni a, helam a tui leh zirmite chuan theihtawp chhuahin an zir chho mek zel bawk a. An zirna engah tunhma kan la hriat ngai loh te pawh kan hre chho ta zel a, kan pipute lo ropui zia leh an khawsak phung changkang tak takte kan hre chhuak ta zel a, a lawmawm hle mai.

Tunhnaiah Mizoramah Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) in hma an rawn la \an a, Aizawlah Circle Office te hial an rawn hawng ta. Hei hi hmasawnna lawmawm leh chhinchhiah tlak tak a ni. ASI hian kan ram chhunga pipute sulhnu hlui te an zir chiang mek zel a, kan hriat ngailoh te pawh kan hre chho zel turah ngai ila. Chutih laiin heng kan pipute sulhnu hlui zirchianna kal mekah hian hnamdang thil nena sawi zawm tumna leh kan sulhnu ropui tak tak te hi hnamdang sulhnu ni a ngaihna te a awm a hlauhawm hle a. Chuvangin heng zirchianna kawngah hian fimkhur taka kal pui a tul hle a ni. Hemi rilru hrereng chung leh kan sulhnu hlui zirchian belh zel a nih theihnan tunhnaiah hemi lama tui leh zirna lam kalpuitu ten “Mizo Archaeological Society’ an din ta a, hei hi thil lawmawm tak a ni. Kan rama kan pipute sulhnu te hi hnamdang ten min zirchian sak piah lamah keimahni ngei, Mizo history hria leh khawsak phung hria ngei ten tunlai thiamna hmanga kan zirchian chhoh zel hi a pawimawh a, a him bawk a ni.

Chuvangin kan hnam chanchin leh tunhma khawsak phung te zirchian a nih theihna tur chuan  heng kan pipute sulhnu hlui te hi kan humhalh tlat a pawimawh a. Humhalh tha lova a riral mai chuan kan hnam chanchin dik tak hi chhuichhuah a harsat phah hle dawn a ni. Tin, heng sulhnu hlui te hi Mizoram sum hnar, khualzin te hip tura kan thil neih hlu te an ni a. Tunlaia siam chawp hmuhnawm thil ai chuan a tak ngei hi a hlu a, khawvelin a ngaisang zawk bawk a ni. Hengte hi kan ram, Mizoram larna tur leh khawvelin a hmelhriatna tur a ni a, Vangchhia khuaa  ‘Kawtchhuah Ropui’ avang ngawt pawh hian India ram mai ni lo, khawvel pawhin Mizoram hi a hre lar chho \an ta a nih hi.

Mizoram khaw tinah YMA, INTACH leh tlawmngai pawl, mimal leh Sawrkarin pipute sulhnu humhalh kawngah hma kan la chho zel a.  Sawrkar pawhin a humhalhna dan ‘‘The Mizoram Ancient Monuments and Archaeological sites and Remains Rules, 2003’ a siam tawh a. He dan hmang hian pipute sulhnu hlui hi humhalh leh enkawl mek a ni a, a tichhe tute hremna thleng pawhin a tel nghe nghe a ni. Hetih lai hian YMA pawhin nasa leh zuala hemi kawnga hmalak tumin a inbuatsaih mek zel a. Nikuma YMA Rorel inkhawmah khan ‘Mizoram hmun hrang hranga kan pipute hmun hlui leh sulhnute hi a nih phung hloh lova humhalh a nih theih nan Central YMA-in hma la rawh se’ tiin a rel a, tunah hian hma an la chho mek a. Zoram pum huapa inzirtirna te pawh neih an tum mek bawk a ni awm e. 

            Tunhnaiah INTACH (Indian National Trust For Art and Cultural Heritage) pawhin  nasa takin hma an la a, Mizoram hmun hrang hrangah zin kualin Mizoram chhunga thil hlui leh humhalh ngaite an tlawh chhuak thin a, mipuite hnenah hetiang lam zirtirna hi an pe \hin bawk a, an fakawm hle mai.

            Khaw \henkhat hi chuan an humhalh \ha hle a. YMA ten anmahni ram chhung theuhva thil hlui leh Mizo history a thil \angkai an neih chuan an humhalh vat a, chutiang tihna chang an hriat avang chuan an khua pawh miin an tlawh chak phah fo \hin. Hei hi khaw changkang zia a ni. Hetiang a nih avang hian a changtu Department (Art & Culture) tan pawh a awlsam phah hle nghe nghe a ni. Hetih lai hian humhalh lem lo te pawh a awm theih a, sum leh pai harsat avanga humhalh hleih theih loh te pawh a awm thei bawk awm e.

Kan humhalh danah pawh hian fimkhur taka hmalak a \ul. ‘‘The Mizoram Ancient Monuments and Archaeological sites and Remains Rules, 2003’in min phut angin a nihna tak (origin) hloh lo zawnga humhalh a \ul a, hmundang remchanga laia dah/hun/phun sawn emaw, mi hmuh theih tura hmun remchanga dah te hi a rem lo a. A awmna hmun dik takah a nih ang anga a awm mai khan a hlu a, zirchian dawn pawhin a awlsam zawk bawk a. Tunhma in lungphun \henkhat chu lak sawn emaw thil dang (thlan lung) atana hman daih te a awm \hin a, hengte hi ching lo hram ila a \ha awm e.

Tin, humhalh a ni tih hriatna tura rawng engemaw lo hnawih te hi a pawi em em a, a hlutna a ti bo vek thei bawk a ni. Chuvangin kan humhalhna kawngah hian fimkhur tak leh uluk takin, a hlutna ti bo lo thei ang berin kan humhalh tur a ni a. Hetiang lam sawi nikhua sawi lan tel ve fo \hin chu ‘ Chawngtui rama Thasiam se No neihna hmun’ panna tur kalkawng siam chawp te, Mizoram State Museum kawta ‘Lungvando’ bung pakhat phun ngawt te hian hlutna a nei vak lo. ‘Thasiama Se No neihna’ hmun panna hi a tira a nihna ang ang khan awm mai mai se, a lawn thei an lawn ang a, a thei lo chu an lawn lo mai ang a, a hlutna a ti zual zawk ang. Chutiangin E.Lungdar daia Lungvando bung pakhat State Museum kawta phun ngawt mai pawh hi, a awmna hmunah let vel mai mai zawk se a hlu zawk daih tur hi a ni a. Kan phun duh anih chuan a lem (replica) siamin phun ta zawk mai ila. 

Tunhnaiah hian hemi kawngah hian Zoram mipuite kan \hangharh ta a, kan pipute sulhnu hlui humhalh nachang kan hre chho \an zel a, hmasawnna lawmawm tak a ni. Hnam fing apiangin an hnam thil an ngaisang a, humhalh nachang an hre bawk a, an ngaihlu thiam bawk a ni. Kan ram chhunga mite hi keini lo chu humhalh tur an awm chuang lo a, tin, midangin min humhalh sak dawn pawh nise keimahni, a neitu ngeiin kan humhalh hi a hlu zawk a, kan tihtur pawh a ni.

            Mizote hian kan hnam thil hi kan chawisan a, humhalh nachang kan hriat chuan hnam changkang leh hnam fing kan ni tihna a ni ang a, khawvelin min hriat theihna kawng pakhat a ni bawk ang. Hnam chanchin zirna ngawr ngawr bakah kan ram ti hmingthangtu leh khualzin hiptu  tha tak, sum lakluhna tha tak a ni bawk dawn a ni. Chuvangin hemi kawngah hian ngaihtuahna i seng thar zel teh ang u.

Hmanlai lungphuna Zo hnahthlakte inan dan

HMANLAI LUNGPHUNA ZO HNAHTHLAK TE INAN DAN

-          Dr Malsawmliana

Lungphun culture (megalithic culture) hi khawvel ram dang chu sawi loh, kan chhehvela hnamdangte – Khasi, Naga etc. te hian an ching hle a, an hnam nunphungah pawh pawimawhna a nei nasa hle nghe nghe a ni. Keini Mizo te ai mah hian a bik takin Khasi ho chuan an nunphungah awmzia an neih tir nasa niin a lang a, chuvangin lungphun hi an uar a, ngah pawh an ngah hle reng a. Heng lungphun te hi hriatrengna lungphun a nih piah lamah an chhungte thi tawh ruh dahna atan te leh thildang atan an hmang thin a ni.

Archaeology-ah hian zirna peng hrang hrang zingah megaliths lam hi tunlaia langsar pawl tak a ni a. ‘Megaliths’ tih hi Greek tawng ‘mega’ leh ‘lithos’ atanga lak a ni a. Mega tih chu ‘lian(large)’ tih a ni a, lithos hi ‘lung’ (stone)’tihna a ni.[1] Tichuan, megaliths tih chu lungphun lian sawina a ni mai a, a mal din aimahin huhova lungphun emaw phun tlar tuarh ang hi megaliths tih hian a hawi mah zawk a, a mal din (single upright stone) hi ‘monolith’ ti a sawi a ni thung.

Megaliths (lungphun) hi khawvel hmun hrang hrangah hmuh tur a awm a, India hmarchhakah pawh hian a bikin Meghalaya ah hian a tam leh zual. Khawvelah hian Lungphun hi chi hrang hrang(types) a awm a, a phun dan a zirin hming hran an put tir vek a, chung zinga a tlanglawn te chu hengte hi a ni –

a)      Menhir – lung phun pangngai/ a tung, hei hi lung mal din a kawk deuh

b)      Alignment- hei hi a huho/a intlara lungphun sawina a ni.

c)      Stonehenge – a kuala lungphun

d)     Dolmen (table stone/stone seats) –a bawk a phun

e)      Cairns – lung chhun pawn (stone heaps)

            Heng bakah hian phun dan chi hrang hrang a la awm nual a, mahse hengte hi a tlangpui an ni. A phun dan a zir hian a awmzia a danglam thin a, society-ah pawh an pawimawhna a inang lo bawk. Heng a chunga Type hrang hrang kan sawi atang hian Mizorama kan neih ve te han tarlang ila :

a)      Menhir – hei hi chu Mizo lungphun pangngai hi a ni a, a tung chho a phun ho hi a ni. Mizorama lungphun tam ber hi ‘Menhir’ a ni.

b)      Alignment – Lung phun tlar ho hi an ni mai a. Hmanlaiin pasaltha te hriatrengnan lung an phun tlar thin a, chung chu ‘Hranglungphun’ an ti. (eg. Tuithoh kama pasaltha Vanapa thlan an tih pawh hi lung lian vak lo phun tlar a ni.) Tin Mizoram hmarchhaka Lungphunlian pawh khi a piah deuhah khian a khat tawkin an inphun tlar hlawm bawk a. Hetianga lung phun tlar hi Alignment chu a ni.

c)      Dolmen – hei hi a bawk/tlu a phun a ni a, a hnuaiah kamtu a awm thin. Mizoramah chuan Champhai Zote tlanga ‘Sikpui Lung’ ang hi a ni. A phek zawngin leiah an phah a, a hnuaiah lungthu pathum in an kam kang a. Hetiang hi khawvel hmun dangah pawh hmuh tur tam tak a awm a, amaherawhchu an phun chhan (ideology) erawh a danglam thung.

d)     Cairns (kians ti a lam tur) – hei hi lung chhun pawn a ni a, a chung lamah a zuih ral thin. Mizoramah chuan Mara leh Lai hnam hovin an lal hriatrengnan a an phun thin ‘Pura’ ang hi a ni awm e. Pyramid ang hian a hnuai lama a arh a, a chung lamah a zuih ral thin a ni.

e)      Stone Platform (Lungdawh):

            Hetianga lungphun dan chi hrang hrang a awm avang leh a phun chhan pawh a inan loh nuai(h) avang hian Lungphun hlui te atang hian a phuntute chanchin leh an nunphung, an hnam chin dan te thui tak a zir theih a. Chuvangin lungphun(megaliths) hi history chhuina atana thil tangkai tak a ni reng a ni. Entirnan, Sikpui Lung chu Hmar ho kut pui khat ‘Sikpui Roui’an hman laia an phun thin a ni a, a phun dan pawh chipchiar takin an nei thlap a ni.

            Tin, Mizo te khan an lungphun reng rengah milem an ziak nasa hle a, ziah lohna (plain monument) pawh a awm tho bawk a. Heng milem te hi a tlangpuin Sial lu, dar lem, mihring lem, puan, sava, sakawr, silai, fei, sakhi/sazuk leh thil chi hrang hrang te an ziak/ker thin a. Thil mak ve deuh mai chu Zoram khawi hmuna mi pawh hi en ila, milem inziak a awm chuan an ziah dan kalhmang hi a inang vek mai a. Khawchhak lama Lianpui leh Vangchhia vela lungphuna mihring lem an ziah dan(style) leh khawtlang Pukzing daia lungphun te, South Sabual kawtchhuaha lungphun a mihring lem inziak te chu a inang vek a ni. Tin, Pu Rinsanga’n “heng lungphun zawng zawnga lemziakte hi a inang tlangpui a, chungte chu –mihring ding tlar lem te, thangchhuahpa lem te….etc. hnam khat kutchhuak tih a hriat hle…”[2] tiin  a sawi a. A sawi ang hian Mizoram chhunga lungphunah te hian milem inziak a awm chuan mihring lem, hmanraw lem, sial lu etc. te hi a ni tlangpui, an ziah dan(style) pawh hi a inang deuh vek bawk. Khawchhak leh khawtlang lama mi pawh an thil ziah leh an ziah dan a inang tho bawk. Amaherawhchu hemi vang ringawt hian hnam khat kutchhuak a ni erawh kan ti ngawt thei lo.

            Lungphun a milem inziak te hi a ziah dan a zirin hetiang hian then theih a ni[3] –

a)      Thai ran (scratching of figures on the outer surface)

b)      Ker khuar (deep cutting or deep incising)

c)      A pawnga inziak (Engraving of figures in high relief or embossing)

d)     Engmah inziah lona lungphun (plain monument)

            Kan thupuiah hian ‘hmanlai lungphuna Zo hnahthlak te inan dan’ tih a ni a, Zo hnahthlak hrang hrangte hian lungphun dan chi hrang an nei em ? tih hi zawhna awm thei tak a ni awm e.Lusei ho in engtin nge lung an phun a, Hmar ho in engtin nge an phun? Ralte, Paite etc. ten lungphun dan chi hrang an nei em ? A chunga kan tarlan tawh angin khawvel pumah hnam hrang hrangte hian lungphun dan tlanglawn tak an neih chu a ding a phun (upright position) hi a ni awm e. Mizoram hmun hrang hrang chhim leh hmar, chhak leh thlanga hmanlai kan pi leh pute lungphun hlui pawh hi hetiang chi vek hi a ni. Chuvangin Zo hnahthlak hrang hrangte hian lungphun danah hian a ding a phun hi kan chin dan tlanglawn tak chu a ni awm e.

            Tin, lungphunah hian milem chi hrang hrang ziah a ni a, a ziah dan kalhmang erawh a inang vek lova, a pawng chi te, a ker chi te leh thuk vaka lova ziah te a ni a. A bikin a pawnga inziak ho hi a tam em em lem lova, a awmna hmun hi chhiar tham lek a ni. Chutih rualin a phun tute erawh tute nge ni ang ? tih hi zawhna lian tak a ni bawk. Khaw chhaka Vangchhia-ah ‘Kawtchhuah Ropui’ a awm a, hetah hian lungphun 242 a awm a,[4] heng lungphun te hi hnamdang (i.e.Rongmei) phun ni a ngaihna te a awm a, amaherawh chu Mizo pipute phun ngei ni a ngaih a ni.[5] Zo hnahthlak eng hnam ber nge tih erawh chhui zui chi a nih hmel a. Lungphunah hian milem chi hrang hrang a pawnga inziak a tam hle a ni. Hetih lai hian a piah lawk Lianpui khaw daiah ‘Lianpuia Lungdawh’ a awm bawk a, hetah hian lungphun 84 a awm bawk a.[6] Heng lungphun te hi Palian lal, Lianpuia’n helai hmuna a awm laia a phun ni a ngaih a ni.[7] Heng lungphun hrang hranga milem inziak te pawh hi Vangchhia a kawtchhuah Ropuia lungphuna inziak ang chiahin a pawnga inziak vek a ni bawk. Tin, Champhai Zotlanga Mangkhaia Lung hi Ralte lal, Mangkhaia hriatrengnana a pa Mangthawnga’n a phun ni a sawi a ni a.[8] Khawthlang Pukzing daiah pawh hian ‘lung phun lian’ a awm a, he lung hi Chenkual lal in a phun ni a sawi a ni.[9] Heng lungphun kan han tarlan ah te hian milem inziak hi a pawnga inziak vek a ni a, milem inziak te pawh a inang tlangpui bawk. Chuvangin Mizo hnam hrang hrangte lungphun ah hian inanna tam tak a awm awm e. Amaherawh chu Mizoram chhim lamah hian hetiang lungphun, a pawnga milem inziak ang hi hmuh leh sawi tur a vang hle a nih hmel.

            Tin, Mizoram hmun hrang hranga lungphun a milem inziak te hi a ziah dan (style) a inang deuh vek a, khawchhak lama mihring lem, selu lem etc. an ziah dan te hi khawthlang lam leh hmar lama an ziah dan nen a inang vek bawk. Mihring lem, thi awrh, tukkhum lama sam ziak ni awm tak leh Vaibel zu lai ni awm tak hi a ni tlangpui a. A kut lehlamin Fei a keng tlangpui bawk. Hetiang anga mihring lem inziak hi hmuh tur a tam hle a, Mizoram hmun hrang hrangah hmuh tur a awm. Tin, Selu, ramsa lem, darkhuang lem etc. an ziah dan pawh a inang tlangpui bawk. Chuvangin Mizoram chhunga lungphun (milem inziak awmna) te hi hnam khat sulhnu a nih theihna a sang hle. Tin, Mizo te thlang tlak dan leh an pem zel dan (routes of migration), an khawsak tawhna (settlement pattern) te kan zir chuan Mizoram khawchhak atang hian khawtlangah an chhuk thla zel tih a lang a. Hetiang a nih avang hian khawchhak lam lungphuna milem inziah angin khawtlang lama an chhuk hnuah pawh an ziak ta zel a nih hmel. Tin, khawchhak lama lungphun te hi a tlangpuiin khawtlang lama lungphun te aiin an upa zawk niin a lang.

            Mizo Lungphun thenkhatah hian ‘kua’ hmuh tur a awm nual bawk a, hengte hi darkhuang khaina ni a sawi thin a ni a, cherchingkim te pawh an khai thin bawk. Hetianga darkhuang/cherchingkim khaina tur Lung tih kuak hi a phun tu ropuina tarlanna a ni tel bawk. Entirnan, khawthlang Pukzing daia ‘lungphun lian’ ah hian kuttum tiat velin a kua a, Sialhawk khua a lungphunah te, Mualphenga ‘Laithangpuii Lung’ah te, Ruantlanga ‘Chhura leh Na a lungverh’ ah te hetiang kua hi a awm bawk. Heng lung kerkuak awmna khuate hi Zoram hmun hrang hrang a nih avangin Mizo hnam hrang hrangte sulhnu a nih hmel hle a ni.

Hetianga Lung phun pangngai bakah hian Hmar ho chuan a bawk a phun chi an nei ve a, chu chu ‘Sikpui Lung’ an ti a, Sikpui Roui hun laia an phun thin a ni. A phun dan tlangpui han tarlang nghe nghe ila a tha awm e. Sikpui Ruoi hi Hmar hnam te kut pui a ni a, kumtina hman erawh a ni lem lo. Kum thum chhung vel ei leh bara malsawmna an dawn a, khua in harsatna an tawh loh chuan lawmthu sawina atan he kut hi an hmang thin. Amaherawhchu, chhiatna an tawh te leh harsatna an tawh hunah te chuan he kut hi an hmang ngai lem lo. Lawmthu sawina leh hlimna lam (thanksgiving festival) a nih avangin ei leh bara an dinhmun a ziaawm lai, malsawmna an dawn lai leh hmelma lakah pawh an him lai, hun ralmuanga an awm laiin he kut hi an hmang ber thin.[10]

Thlasik laia hman thin a nih avangin a hming pawh hi Sikpui Roui tih a ni. He kut hi sakhaw biakna nen a inzawm leh lova, mipui vantlang intihhlimna kut a ni deuh ber. Mizote kut dang ang bawkin he Kut an hman dawn hi chuan Zu leh sa a tam a, an inbuatsaih nasa a, a hma thla 2/3 velah te an lo inbuatsaih lawk thin a ni. Sikpui Roui hi Hmar hnam tan chuan hun pui leh nghahhlelhawm, Hmar hnam te inpumkhatna hun a ni a, chuvangin a hlu em em a ni. 

Kut neih hma kar khat velah pa hovin ramhnuaiah lung phek hlai tha tak leh a nghahchhan tur lung dang pathum zawngin an vak chhuak a. Heng lung te hi an uluk em em a, mihring kut hnu leh keh awm lo, tuma tih la tih chingpen loh a ni tur a ni. Tichuan an duh ang an hmuh hnuah khua ah zawn lutin kut an hmanna turah an dah a. Kut an hman hma ni chiah ah heng lung te hi an phun ta a ni. An phun dan chu – mipa naupang kum 12-14 inkar bawr vel (kel khal rual vel an ti deuh kher thin) pahnih hi an inbuan tir a. A tlangpuiin heng naupang te hi Hmar hnam chi peng pakhat, Lungtau hnam atangin an thlang thin.[11] Naupangte chuan an kawngah puan an vet a, tichuan an puan ven a vuan chung chuan inchawi kan an tum thin a. A khingpui kha a chawi kan theih chuan chak zawka puan a ni thin a. A han chawi kang a, leia a dah thlak leh chiah khan a chak lo zawkin lei a zuk rahna chiah kha an chhinchhiah a. Chumi hmunah tak chuan lung pakhat kha an phun ta a. Lung dang pahnih kha a bul hnaiah, lungthu ang deuhvin an phun veleh a, tichuan a chungah lungphek kha an phah ta thin a ni. Tichuan lung chu phun zawh a lo ni ta a, thuthleng anga hman theih a ni. Tichuan a tukah chuan Sipui Roui chu tan a ni ta a, hemi puala hla an neih ‘Sikpui hla’ chu an sa dual dual a, a then an lam bawk a[12] –

‘Sikpui inthang kan ur laia

Changtuipui aw sen mahrili kang intan

Hla hriltu/ Khuongpuzailak leh khuangpu te chu an lungphun/Sikpui lung chungah khan an thu a. Sikpui Lung hi kut an hman lai hi chuan serh hran a ni a, khuangpu leh hla hriltu lo chu thut ve phal a ni lo.[13]

Hla an sak lai hian an la urhsun em em a, an sak laia lo nui emaw, lo ti mai mai an awm chuan a bul atangin an tan tha leh thin a, chutiang a nih loh pawhin kut hman kha an titawp thin bawk. Chutiang khawp chuan Sikpui Roui hi Hmar hnam te hian an ngai urhsun a, an la thu tak em em a ni.[14] Sikpui Hla an sak hian Kut an hman chhungin hmun pawimawh tak a luah a, kut hman tan dawna sak thin a nih avangin an ngai urhsun a, an kut hman dan thlengin nghawng a neiah an ngai thin.  A hawnna (sikpui hla an sak zawh hian) an neih zawh hian nula leh tlangval, nutling patling te chu hlim takin an lam a, nileng zankhua in an lam ta thin a ni.

Hetiang lungphun hi archaeological term chuan ‘stone seats’ tih a ni a, Mizote hian megaliths chi hrang hrang zingah ‘stone seats’ hi kan lo nei ve reng a lo ni a, amaherawhchu Mizo hnam zingah annni ho chiah hian hetiang lungphun hi an nei niin a lang.

            Tin, ‘Pura’ lungphun hi Mara leh Lai hnam chenna velah hmuh tur a awm nual a, Chin Hills-ah Mara leh Lai ho lo awm tawhna ah te pawh hmuh tur a la awm niin an sawi. Chuvangin ‘Pura’ lung atang ringawt pawh hian Mara leh Lai hnam ho thlang tlak dan leh an kalkawng(routes of migration) hi a hriat theih ve riai riai a, chutiang zelin Sikpui Lung pawh Hmar ho chanchin chhui nan a tangkai bawk. Hetiang a nih avang hian lungphun hi chanchin hlui(history) chhui nan a tangkai em em a ni.

                              A tawp berah chuan, Mizo hnahthlak hrang hrangte lungphun chungchang kan sawi hian kan rilru in Mizoram chhunga lungphun kan hmuh te a tin zawn deuh a. A chhan chu Mizoram pawnah hian Mizo engemaw zat cheng mahse an lungphun dan hi chu a inang tlang vek a, hmanlai kan pi leh pute Chin Hills, Burma a an awm laia lung an phun dan leh an sulhnu hmuh theih ang ang te han en pawh hian a inang tlang vek mai a. Chuvangin Mizoram chhunga lungphun kan hmuh te hian a huap kim deuh thaw awm e. Mizo hnahthlak te hian khawvel hmun danga an chin thin dan angin a dinga lung phun (upright position) hi kan phun dan tlang lawn ber a ni a, hemi bakah hian Hmar hovin Sikpui Lung an neih leh Mara lamin ‘Pura’an neih te hi a danglam deuh chu a ni awm e.

Thulakna te :

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[1] Encyclopaedia Brittanica Inc, The New Encyclopaedia Brittanica Vol, VI(15^th edition), USA, 1981.

[2] Rinsanga, Vanglaini, 19.9.2011

[3] Malsawmliana, Megalithic Monument of Mizoram : A Descriptive Study, Unpublished PhD Thesis, submitted to the Dept. of History, NEHU, Shillong, 2010, p.30.

[4] Ni 12.9.2013 khan Kawtchhuah Ropui hi tlawh a ni a, lungphun zat hi 242 a ni a, a tlu engawm zat a awm bawk a, hengte erawh hi chu chhiar tel an ni lo.

[5] Ni 12.9.2013 khan Department of History, Govt. T. Romana College leh Vangchhia YMA ten Vangchhia-ah Kawtchhuah Ropui a lungphun chungchangah hian Symposium an buatsaih a. He Symposium ah hian paper ziaktute leh a sawitu tam ber chuan lungphun te hi Mizo pipute sulhnu niin an ngai.

[6] December 6-11, 2004 khan helai hmun hi tlawh a ni a, hemi tum hian lungphun hi 84 a awm.

[7] Malswmliana,op.cit., pp.40-41

[8] ibid, pp.36-37.

[9] Tribal Research Institute(TRI), Art & Culture Department, Monoliths and Landmaks in Mizoram  Vol-II, P.59

[10] Lalremlien Neitham ‘Sikpui-a Festival with a Difference’ an article published in remaginedreality.blogspot.com

[11] H.Zadawla ; Sikpui Ruai leh Sikpui Hla, an article (unpublished)

[12] L.Khuma Varte ‘Genesis and Exodus of the Mizos : A case study of Hmars’, as cited in Girinda Kumar(ed) ‘Geographic Vol-I’, July, 2006.p50.

[13] H.Zadawla; op.cit

[14] L.Keivom, Zoram Khawvel-1, (Aizawl, 1994)(2^nd Ed), p20