Ka hla duh zawng

                                                - Dr Malsawmliana

"Aw Lalpa Davida leh a thlah arsi,

I felna ram atan Nangin min buatsaih

Ka lawmna tuifinriat angin a liam a,

Thih lui kamah zaiin i hming ka fak ang." KHB No.9

 

He hla ropui tak phuahtu Patea (Zaliana) hi Mizorama chanchintha lo luh kum 1894 khan a  piang a, a pa chu Selbuanga niin a nu chu Sinnawii a ni. A naupan laiin a pa in a boral san a, a nu ho in an awm ta a. Pa nei lo a nih avangin a thiante hmuhsit leh ngaihnep a hlawh viau a, thiante zingah pawh chhantu a nei ve ngai lo. An chhungkaw khawsak harsat avangin kum 1904 khan Khawbung 'S' Lal, Lalbika inah an tlu lut ta ringawt a. Hetah hian a puitlin thlengin a khawsa ta a ni. Kum 1950 March 30 khan kum 56 mi niin he laia a zin kawng hrehawm tak chu Samthanga khuaah a lo zawh tawp ta a ni.

He hla hi Patea  hla phuah hmasak ber dawttu ni a ngaih a ni a, kum 1921-22 vela phuah ni a rin a ni. Hla 55 vel a phuah zingah he hla hi thuk leh ril ber a ngaih a ni. Patea hi mi nunnem leh zaidam, kawm nuam tak leh thil reng reng hi a hlim zawng hlira thlir thin mi a ni a,

'Ka lawmna tuifinriat angin a liam a,

Thih lui kamah zaiin ka fak ang.'

 a ti thei hial a, Mizo Kristian hlain a chimsan lai ber a ni kan ti thei ang. Naupang a nih laia a nun hrehawm tak thin kha a puitlin hnu pawhin a la theihnghilh lo niin a lang a, a hla phuah ah hian a lang tam hle  a ni. He leiah lungngai leh hrehawnin leng mah se, nakinah vanah atan hmun buatsaih sak a ni dawn tih a hria a,

 ' Lalpa, khawiah nge ni hmun min buatsaihna ?

Daniela angin tukverhah ka thlir ang;

Rangkachak thianghlim leh a hmun ropui chu,

Hrehawmah pawh thingthi talin ka thlir ang'

 a la ti fan fan thei a, a entawn tlak hle a ni.

 Patea hian retheih leh buai leh lungngaihna ramah hian khawvel hi a hlimawm thei ang ber zawngin a thlir a, thil reng reng hi a hmu 'par' vek emaw ni a tih theih. A hla phuah 54 velah hian 'par' tih hi hmun 40 velah a lang hial a ni. A hla hi pangar huan ang maiin a vul chuk reng mai a  ni.

A hnukchah dawn tep a, a tawng theih tawh loh hnu pawhin  ri lovin a nui var var a, a kuta van lam kawk chungin hlim hmel em emin 'van ropuina ha' turin a tawlh liam ta a ni. Samthang khaw thanmualah phum a ni a, a hnuah Khawbung 'S' khuaa  'Hla kungpui mual'  ah hla phuah thiam Damhauha nen an zalh dun ta a ni.

'Mihring ka nih hma pawhin Lalpa Isu,

Thisena man dang beisei lova min tlan;

Chhiar sengin han hrethiam teh reng ila aw,

Khawvel zaia ti khat turin ka bei ang.'

 

August, 1995

 COVID-19  HRIPUI LEN LAIA MIZO NUNDAN MAWI HMUH THEIH

LANGSAR ZUALTE

                                                              -          Dr Malsawmliana

 

Tun \umah hian ‘Covid-19 hripui len laia Mizo nundan mawi hmuh theih langsar zualte’ tih thupui kan sawi dawn a, hemi chungchang hi chanchinbu lamah te leh thuziak dangah te kan hmu in kan chhiar tawh mai thei e. Hripui len karah Zonun zemawi hrang hrang lo lang chhuak te hi sawi tur tam tak a awm a, a tlangpui chauh sawi kan tum ang.

 

Kan hriat angin nikum (2019) kum tawp lamah Hripui mak deuh mai, Corona Virus (Covid-19) chu China ram a\angin a leng \an a, khawvel hmun hrang hrangah darhin hun reilote chhungin khawvel pumah a darh chhuak ta a. Mizoramah ngei pawh kumin March thla tawp lam a\angin kan buaipui \an a, March thla tawp lam a\angin inkharkhip (lockdown) kan kal pui chho ta  nih kha. Mihring nunphunga thil harsa tak leh kan thiam loh zawng tak, midang nena inhlat taka awm (social distancing) te, midangte nena intlawhpawh loh, inkharkhip te kan kal pui a ngai ta a. Mitinin hrileng laka kan inven nan hmai kan tuam a, kut kan sil reng a ngai bawk a. Kan bula mi ten hri an kai leh kai loh kan hriat loh avangin fimkhur tak leh inveng ran a kan awm a ngai ta a ni. Hetiang a nih avang hian ram pumin kan inkharkhip a, tumah hnathawk thei lovin mahni inah kan t^wm a, mi tam takin eizawnna an chhunzawm thei lova, khawsak a buai chho ta a ni. Sumdawngin dawr leh an eizawnna an kalpui thei lova, a bik takin nitina eichawp zawng leh inhlawhfaten sum hmuhna an nei ta lova, chhuanchham mai thei dinhmuna ding chhungkaw tam tak kan awm hman a ni.

 Hetianga hripui leng avanga harsatna kan tawh karah hian Mizo mipuite zingah Zonun zemawi  hrang hrang a lo lang chhuak a, chung zingah \henkhat han sawi ta ila.

 1.      Sem sem dam dam ei bil thi thi : Hmanlai kan pi leh pute hun a\ang tawhin khawchhungah ei tur neih loh avanga chhuanchham te an awm chuan lal leh khaw mipuite tan mualphona tawp a ni \hin a. Chuvangin chutiang mi an awm lohna turin an inngaihsak tawn a, ei leh in tur an neih ang ang te an in pe tawn a, a inpei zawn liam liam \hin a ni. Tuna hripui leng mek karah pawh hian kan inkharkhip rei avangin mi tam takin hna an thawk thei lova, khawsak a buai chho hman hle a. Veng leh khawtin maiah Local/Village Level Task Force ten mipuite thawhkhawm a\angin an huamchhung \heuh a khawsak harsa te chhawmdawl hna an thawk a. Ei leh in tur te, sum leh pai te pe in an inngaihsak liam liam \hin. Inkharkhip avangin Sawrkarin chawhmeh zawrhna hmun te a khar a, Task Force ten chawhmeh leh thil dang zawrh an buaipui a ngai a, chungah te chuan chawhmeh leh thildang leina tur nei lote pawh a thlawnin an pe a, an ngaihsak em em bawk. Tunhma a \henawm khawvengte bai kan insuah tawn \hin ang kha a rawn lang chhuak leh a, a hlimawm hle mai. Hetiang hun harsa kara Mizo thufing ‘sem sem dam dam, ei bil thi thi’ kan han nun pui leh thei hi a lawmawm hle mai.

 2.      Chawhmeh inpek tawn : Tualchhunga \henawm khawveng kan inngaihsak piah lamah khua leh khua, veng leh veng kan inngaihsakna hi a ropui hle mai. A bikin thingtlang khaw tam takin an thlai tharte khawpuia veng hrang hrangte hnena a thlawnin an pe \hin a, hengte hi a hlu khawp mai. Khawpuia cheng ten thlai thar lei tur an hmu lo a, phai lama a\ang chawhmeh rawn lut a awm bawk si lova, thingtlang lam atangin a lut thei bawk si lo. Hetiang huna thingtlang khaw hrang hrangin chawhmeh leh thlai tharte engmah phut leh nei hauh lova an pe \hin hi Zonun ze mawi rawn par chhuak leh chu a ni. Chutiangin khawpui chhunga veng engemaw zatin thingtlang lam te \anpuina leh an mamawh te an lo pe let veleh zel bawk a. Tun thleng hian hetianga veng leh khua mamawh inpek tawn hi a la awm reng a ni. Ramri venga awm te ei leh in tur, an mamawh chi hrang hrangte pe in khawtin leh vengtin an hmanhlelh a, an tlawh chhuak bawk a. Kan inngaihsak tawnna hi a va ropui em !

 3.      Ramri ven kawngah : Covid -19 hripui a len \an tirha Mizo mipuiten kan ngaihven ber leh kan hlauh ber chu State dang leh ramdang \henawmte nena kan inrina ramri te hi a him em? tih a ni. Tunhma a\angin kan pi leh pute chuan hripui a len apiangin khaw \henawm te nena an inkalpawh lohna tur leh hri leng laka an himna turin hri dai an theu \hin a ni. |henawm a\angin hri vei an rawn lut ang tih kan hlau a, ramri hrula awm khawtin ten theihtawp chhuahin \hahnemngai takin an veng a. Riahbuk te sualin thla tam fe an riah chilh a. Mahni hna pawh thawk hman lovin hripui laka kan ram a himna turin theih tawk an chhuah tak meuh meuh a ni. Mahni hriselna pawh pawisa hlei thei lovin ramri ah an riak a, \henkhat nunna chan te pawh an awm hial mai.  Hetianga ram leh hnam chhanna tura mahni nawmsakna pawh pawisa lova ramhnuaia pilrila riak te han hmuh hian Mizo tlawmgaihna leh hnam chhanna rilru kan lo ka pu lian hle tih a lang. 

 4.      Hlawh nei lova midangte tana rawn pen chhuak te : Hripui leng kara Zonunmawi rawn lang chhuak zinga ropui berte zinga mi chu engmah phut leh beisei let nei miah lova hripui dona atana a \ul \ul atana rawn pen chhuak nula leh tlangval engemaw zat kan nei hi a ni. Sawrkarin hri vei leh vei loh endikna hmun tinah a siam a, tunah phei chuan Sample Test hi hna hautak tak mai, chhun zan zawma thawh ngai a lo ni ta a. Hengah te hian Sawrkarin hetiang lam thiam mi leh sa a neih ten an daih seng ta lova. Sawrkar indaih lohna hrerengin nula tlangval sang tel, hetiang lama thiamna nei te leh a \ul \ula hman theih turin engmah hlawh leh thildang phut let nei miah lovin an rawn pen chhuak ta sup sup mai a. Hripui vei hi thih theihna a nih avangin mahni nunna thap tak meuh meuhin an rawn pen chhuak a ni. Anni avang chauh hian sawrkarin Test chi hrang hrang te pawh chak takin a kal pui theih phah a ni. Tuna hripui kan do mekah hian anni tluka \angkai leh thawh hlawk, chawimawi phu an awm bik lovang.

 Anni bakah hian mitin ten kan tih theih tawk ang zelin tha kan thawh a, kan che suau suau a ni ber mai. A bik takin puanthui thiam ten a mamawhte hman turin engmah phut lovin PPE leh Face Mask te an \hui a,  hengte hi a \angkai hle a ni.

 5.      A dawt leh ah chuan hetiang hun harsa kan tawh laia Mizo nunze mawi tak lo lang chhuak leh chu inhmangaihna hi a ni. Inkharkhip avangin hna thawh theih a ni lova, sumdawnna kalpui theih a ni lo bawk a. Eizawnna a harsat avangin sum lakluh a lo kiam a, mi in luah tan chuan inluah man pek tur pawh thla tam daih neih a har hle a ni. Hetiang a nih avang hian In neitute leh dawr luah neituten an inluah man te thla 2/3 te an awl a, hengte hian mi tam tak manganna a chhawk a, a va hlu tak em!

 6.      Mimal, pawl leh Kohhran hrang hrangin chhawmdawlna atana sum leh pai an thawh hi sawi hmaih hauh lo tur a ni bawk. Sawrkarin a dawn khawmna tur buhzem ‘CM Relief Fund’ a siam a, chutah chuan mi tam takin chhawmdawlna tur sum leh pai an thawh khawm a. Sawrkar hnatawk ten an thla khat, thla hnih hlawh te an thawh a, pawl hrang hrang leh mimalin an thawh khawm bawk a, ram hruaituten an thawh bawk a. Heng chhawmdawlna sum tling khawmte hi \ul \ulah, mamawh dan a zirin hman zel a ni a. Hetianga mamawh a hman tur ui hauh lova kan han thawhkhawm sung sung mai te hian Mizo hnam a chawimawi a, a ti ropui a, inngaihsak hnam kan nihna a tichiang hle a ni. 

 Heng bakah hian tlawmngai pawl te leh Kohhran ten inkhunghranna tur leh hripui veite enkawlna turin ui hauh lovin an hmunhma te an hman tir a. Chumai ni lovin an ei leh in senso te pawh sawrkar tum ngai lovin an tum sak zel bawk a. Mizo hnam damna tur chuan insenso pawh kan huam zel mai a, Sawrkar tih vek turah ngai bik lovin kan \ang tlang a ni ber mai.

 

A bik takin tlawmngai pawl leh mi \hahnemngai ten ramri venga awm te tlawh chhuakin an mamawh te an hlan a, an harsatna te a hmunah ngei an hmuh pui a, an thlamuanpui em em a ni. 

 

A dawt lehah chuan hetiang hun harsa karah hrisel lohna avang leh inkharkhip avanga eizawnna kal pui thei lote, mahni lo ngaihven thei lote chu khawtlangin an ngaihsak a, an thawh ai an thawh sak a, hlo te an thlawh sak bawk a. A theih ang angin an khaichhuak \hin bawk.

 A hma lama kan sawi tawh angin hripui dona kawngah hian mitin kan \ang tlang a. Kan sawi hmaih theih hauh loh chu Chanchinbu leh TV lam te tha thawh hi a ni. Anni hian mipuite hriattur thil pawimawh an puang zar a, mipui zirtirna hrang hrang an chhuah reng bawk a. An hnathawh hi a pawimawh hle a ni. Tunhnaiah phei chuan tlawmngaia hripui dona atana inpe te chhawmdawlna turin sum leh pai an khawn a, mi tamtakin anni kaltlangin chhawmdawlna hi an pe bawk a ni. Heng bakah hian TV kaltlangin mipui tanrual a \ul thu te, ramri venga awmte fuihna leh tihphurna lam te an puang chhuak reng bawk.

   A tawp lama sawilan atana ka duh pakhat chu inkharkhip chhunga mi tam takin chuktuah huan an siam hi a ni. A bikin khawpuia chengte nitin mahni hna pangngai a kal theih loh lai khan huan lo ram nei ten thlai te chingin mahni eikhawp tal thar tumin nasa takin hma an la a. Chuktuah huan neite pawhin theihtawp an chhuah bawk a. Sawrkarin feh turte tan vahvel phalna a lo pe thei bawk nen awlsam takin khawpuia achengte chu feh turin an chhuak suau suau mai a nih kha. Hei hian kuthnathawh uar kawngah nasa takin kan hlawk pui a, intodelh duhna rilru min puttir bawk a. Hun lokal zel turah pawh kan chhunzawm chhoh zel a \ha hle mai.

 

A tawp berah chuan khawvel puma hripui a len vel karah hian mahni sahimna turin theihtawpin kan fimkhur a, kawng tinrengin \an kan la tlang a. Hmun hrang hranga awmte pawh mahni in leh lo ah kan haw khawm bawk a. Mizoram pawn a\anga kan unau rawn haw te lo buaipuina kawngah pawh theihtawpin kan \angrual a, hripui kai hlauhawm karah pawh Zonun zemawi a langchhuak nasa hle a ni.

 Hetiang hun khirh leh harsa, mi zawng zawngin kan tawh mek laia hnamdangte awh leh mak an tih khawpa Mizo mipuite kan inchhawmdawl tlang thei te hi a ropui hle mai. Kan khawtlangah chhuanchham an awm lohna tura theihtawp kan chhuahte, hripui laka kan invenna kawngah vengtin khawtin kan tangrual a, Sawrkar kan \awiawm tlang thei vek te hi a makin a ropui hle a ni. Hetianga kan \anrual avang hian India ramah pawh Mizote hming a thang a, kan hmalak dan an hre ch^k a, tun thlenga Pathian venna avanga hripui avanga nunna ch^n an la awm lo te hi ropui an ti hle a ni. Heng zawng zawng hi Mizote kan \anrualna avang liau liau a ni e. Tun anga Mizo mipuite kan \anrual zel chuan hripui lakah hian Pathianin min veng zel ang a, kawng hrang hrangin kan ram leh hnamin hma a sawn ngei ang.

 Kan sawi tak ang khan hripui leng karah hian Zonun ze mawi hrang hrang te hi nasa takin a lo p^r chhuak leh a, mi tam takin a bo zo tawh emaw kan tih kha a lo la bo lo a, a p^r vul zel zawk dawn niin a lang. Tun \uma kan sawi tak te hi a langsar zualte chauh an ni a, sawi belh tur tam tak a awm ngei ang, kan sawi vek seng lovah ngai ila.

 Zirsangzela’n ‘Zonunmawi, liam lovin la cham rih hram rawh aw’ a lo tih angin Mizo hnam a awm chhung chuan heng Zonun zemawi hrang hrangte hi a bo dawn lo a, a hunah tak a rawn lang chhuak zel dawn a ni.      

 Mizo hnam dam reng rawh se.

 

 

HMASAWNNA IN MIZO HNAM CHIN DAN A THLAK DANGLAM TE

-          Dr Malsawmliana

 

            Mizo rama Kristianna a lo luh tirh lai vel khan ringtu hmasa te chuan Kristian zirtirna nena inmil lo ni a ngaiin kan hnam zia leh nunphung tam tak chu an thlah nghal a. Kristian zirtirna chuan Chhandamna thu mai ni lovin, mihring hriselna thu te, tawngkam hman chungchang te, nun thianghlimna thu te leh puithuna chungchangah te inzirtirna a keng tel a. Mizo khawtlang nuna thil pawimawh tak leh a lova awm theih loh tluka ngaih Zu te pawh Kristianna chuan a hnual suat a, hemi in a ken tel Khuang te pawh zu hmun sa hmuna hman thin a nih avangin hun engemaw ti chhung chu Biak Ina lakluh pawh an phal lo hial a ni. Hetiang a nih avang hian ringlo leh ringtu inkarah harsatna a awm thin a, Lal thenkhat chuan an khua atanga ringtu hnawhchhuah hial te pawh an nei a ni. Chutiang chuan Kristian te chuan an nunphung tam tak an thlak a, Kristianna nena inhmeh lo leh inmil lo ni a an ngaih chu an bansan a, nunphung thar thenkhat an nunpui chho ta a ni. 

Kristianna in kawng tinrengah hmasawnna a rawn keng tel a, zirna leh hriselna lam pawh Zosap te hian an rawn luh pui bawk avangin karlovah Mizo te chu Kristianah kan inlet ta vek mai a. Kan hnam chuan hmasawnna kawngpui a zawh tan ta a ni.

Kristianna leh khawvel thila hmasawnna hian hnam nunphung tam tak thlak a nei a, chungte chu kan duh reng vang ni lovin kan khawsak phung nena inmil tawh loh vang a ni ber. 

Tunhnaiah kan hnam nunzia leh chin dan thenkhat, a bikin chhiatni a kan insawngbawl dan chungchangah khawpui lam chuan kal san a nei ta nual a, thenkhat erawh kan khawsak nena inmil tura her rem te pawh a awm bawk a. Chungte chu  a tlangpuiin han tarlang ila :

Khawhar In riah :

            Kan hnam nunphungah chuan mi an thihin an chhungte khawhar tur riahpuiin tlangval puanthuah khai te chu hun engemaw chen khawhar inah an riak thin a. Khawhar chhungte chu a tul tul an thawh pui a, tuichawi, thingphurh, buh den leh tul dangte an thawh pui a, khawhar chhungten an thlamuanpui thin hle a ni. A tlangpuiin khawhar in riah hun chhung hi ruang thlak zan atanga zan sarih chhung an riak deuh ber a, hei aia rei riak tura ngamtlak insawm te pawh a awm thin bawk. 

            Tunhnaiah khawsak phung a lo danglam hret hret a, inriak chungchangah pawh zan thum vel tinzawn a ni ta a.  Hetianga hun engemaw chen kan kal hnuah  Aizawl khawpui chhunga veng laili tak pakhat, Zarkawt Branch YMA chuan an veng dinhmun enin kum 2006 khan an vengchhunga mitthi an awmin khawhar chhungte tlawmngaia riahpui thin chu an titawp ta a. Hei hi mi tam tak chuan a hunlai chuan an hrethiam lo a, sawi leh sel pawh a tam hle a ni. Amaherawhchu, hun a kal zel a Aizawl khawpui chhunga veng tam zawk chuan Zarkawt tihdan zuiin khawhar in riah an titawp ta hlawm a. Tunah hian Aizawl khawpui bikah chuan khawhar in riah hi ching an awm meuh tawh lo mai thei e. Hetianga khawhar in riah tihtawp chhan hi inriak tur tlangval awm tawh loh vang te, khawhar chhungten riah pui ngai lo a an inngaih tawh vang te,hmelhriat loh midang riahpui ai chuan chhungkua a riah khawm te an lo duh tawh zawk avang te, tul hrang hrang avanga riak tur tlangval awm tak loh vang te leh chhan tam tak a awm thei ang.

            Hmasawnna kawng hrang hrang avangin Mizo nuna chin dan mawi tak pakhat, khawhar in riah chu Aizawl khawpui leh khawpui thenkhatah chuan a lo bo tan ta a ni. Hetih lai hian Mizoram hmun dangah chuan kal pui zel a la ni thung.

Zualko tlan chungchang :

            Kan pipute hunlaiah chuan chhiattawk an awmin chhungkhat laina hrilh kual turin khualkhuaah zualko an tlan thin a. Tlangval tlawmngaite chu kal hmasa nih inchuhin an liam zung zung thin a ni. He chindan mawi tak hi inbiakpawhna tha awm hma thleng khan kal pui a ni a. Tunhnaiah inbiakpawh zung zungna tur Telephone te a lo awm ta a, Television hmang te in puanzar theih a lo nih takah hian a hranpa a Zualko tlan kher a lo ngai ta lo a. Chhiattawh chungchanga Zualko tlan chu a lo tawp titih ta a ni.  Hei pawh hi duh reng vanga tihtawp ni lovin hmasawnna in a aiawh tur a rawn ken vang a ni. Tuna thangthar tam tak hi chuan Zualko awmzia pawh an hre meuh tawh awm lo e.

Thlan laih chungchang :

            Kan pipute atanga chindan leh tun thleng pawha kan la chin dan chu mitthi an awma thlan laih hi a ni a. Tunhma chuan a hranpa in thlanmual an nei lova, a remchang laiah an inphum mai thin a. Dai hnaiah te, kawtchhuahah te, Lal chu Lal inkawtah te, hlamzuih chu inhnuaiah te  an inphum mai thin a ni.

            Thlan laih chungchangah hian a bikin Aizawl khawpui chhunga veng hrang hrangte hian harsatna an tawk nasa hle a. Thlanmualah inphumna tur hmun awl a awm tawh lohhlawm avangin thlanmual thar an nei sup sup a, thenkhat chu Aizawl khaw pawnah te a ni hlawm a.  Hetiang a nih avang hian zingkara thlan laih mai theih lohna a tam ta hle a, veng engemaw zat chuan hnatlangin thlan an lai lawk a, a khuhna tha takin an siam a, thenkhat chu hlawhfa ruaia thlan lai te pawh an awm tawh awm e. Aizawl khawpui chhungah thlanmual tur ram awl zau a awm tawh loh avangin hla tak takah thlanmual neih a lo ngai tawh a, hei hian thlan laih chungchangah pawh harsatna a thlen nasa a, nakin lawkah chuan tlawmgaia thlan laih hi a bo thuai in a rinawm. Kan pipute duhloh ‘ thlan laih lawk’ leh ‘thlanmual sam fai’  te pawh a tul na in a nang chho a, loh theih loh a ni ta zel a ni.     

Thlanmual chungchangah hian Mizoram khawchhak lama khaw pakhat,Chawngtlai khua hian kum 1924 khan a hranpa ngatin Thlanmual an lo nei tawh a,  anni hi Mizorama thingtlang khaw zinga thlanmual nei hmasa ber niin an inchhal nghe nghe a ni. Hetih lai hian Aizawl veng hlun tak, dawrpui veng chuan kum 1910 atang khan tuna an thlanmual hi an lo hmang tawh a, anni hi thlanmual nei hmasa an ni awm e. Kum 1929 khan Pu Makthanga, Aizawl lal chuan khawtinin a hranpa thlanmual neih a tul zia ‘Mizo leh Vai chanchinbu’ ah a ziak a, hei hian Sawrkar lam pawh a kai harh a nih hmel a. A kum 1930 ah chuan Lushai Hills Superintendent, CGG Helme chuan thlanmual neih chungchangah thupek a chhuah ta a, hetiangin - 'Tun chinah lal khaw tinten mitthi an phumna hmun Thlanmual, a hranin nei sela a țha em em a ni. Khawlai thler leh kawngka bul lawka mitthi phum hi a țha lo a ni. Tun chinah khaw daiah mitthi phumna hmun Thlanmual hmun a hranin siam tawh tur a ni. Thupek anga siam lo an awm chuan a pawi ang. Tuikhur a luanglut thei lo lamah ni rawh se' tiin.  (Mizo leh Vai Chanchinbu, May 1930) Hemi hnu hian Aizawl Mission veng chuan thlanmual an nei nghal a, anni hi Thlanmual nei hmasa an ni bawk awm e.

Mitthi chhungte puala thil khawn :

            Pipute hunah leh tun thleng pawhin mitthi chhungte hi thing phurh sak te, tui chawi sak te leh a tul tul hna thawh sak te hi chindan mawi tak a ni a. A hnu leh deuhah mitthi chhungte tana buhfai leh thingfak te an khawn leh thin bawk a. Heng hi khawhar chhungten hun engemaw chen hna an thawh theih loh avanga inchawmdawlna a a ni. Aizawl khawpui chhungah chuan thingfak khawn a lo harsat tak avangin buhfai No 2/1 te khawn a ni ta a. Hei hi Aizawl khawpui chhung veng tam takin an la kal pui bawk, hetih lai hian Buhfai leh pawisa cheng10 te emaw khawn an awm bawk. Veng thenkhatah chuan a hranpa a buhfai khawn lovin Bag 2/3 te emaw an lei a, khawn aiah khawhar chhungte an hlan mai tawh bawk.

Laina hnaiin Kuang zawn :

            Thlanmual pana Kuang zawn hi makpa te leh laina hnaite tih tura dah thin a ni. Hei pawh hi a tih hleih theih ta meuh lo a, Aizawl khawpui chhunga veng engemaw zat chuan hla tak takah Thlanmual an neih avangin kuang pawh motorin an phur ta zel a. Makpa leh laina hnaiin zawn hleih theih pawh a ni ta lo. Chutihrualin heng hi makpa mawhphurhna a ni tih hre lo hi a tam zawk kan ni awm e.

Darkhuang vuak :

            Hei hi chu kan chin lohna a rei ta deuh. Tunhma chuan mitthi an awmin khaw chhung inhriattirna hranpa a awm lova, khawchhungah tlangval tlawmngaiin Darkhuang vua in an kal kual thin a. Chutianga dar ri an hriat chuan mitthi in lamah an kal  khawm nghal thin a ni. He thil hi tunhma kan pi leh pu ten an lo chin thin dan a nih leh nih loh a hriat lohna in mitthi awm thu hriattir nan hman thin a ni. Tunhnuah hian vengchhung inhriatpawhna turin PA System te a lo awm tawh bawk a, darkhuang vua a kal kual chu a lo reh ta a ni.

Kuang siam lawk :

            Hei hi chu chin dan ban san lam ni lovin chin thar a ni thung. Hmanlai chuan kuang siam lawk chu sawi loh, thlanmual sam fai ringawt pawh an duh ngai lo a ni a. Tunhnuah hia chuan mitthi sawngbawl chungchangah hian tunhma a chin ngai loh thil thar kan ching nasa ta hle a. Hei hi tulna hrang hrang avanga lo inhmakhua lawkna a ni deuh ber. Tunhnuah hi chuan Aizawl vengtin deuh thaw hian Kuang siam sa engemaw zat an nei lawk deuh vek tawh a, mitthi an awm pawhin awlsam tak leh rang takin kuangah an indah zung zung thei ta a ni.

            Hmanlaia kan pi leh pu huna tlangval tlawmngaiten an tlawmngaihna an lantirna tam tak heng zualko kal, khawhar in riah leh a dang tam tak te chu hmasawnna avangin a ngai lo tial tial a, hemi kawnga tlangvakte mawhphurhna a kiam kan tithei ang.Chutihrualin tunhma aiin tunlaiah mitthi an tam fe tawh a, mihring kan thahnem tawh avangin nitin mai hian chhiattawk an awm ta zut mai a. YMA leh khawtlang hruaitu tan chuan a awlsam zawnga ruahmanna siam chu tihmakmawh a ni thung.

            Chuvangin khawvel hmasawnna avanga hnam nunphung a inthlak hret hret hi chu hriatthiam kan zir a tul awm e.

MIZO LUNGPHUN CHUNGCHANG : KAWTCHHUAH ROPUI 

(A study of Mizo Megaliths : with reference to Kawtchhuah Ropui) 

- Dr Malsawmliana 

 

 

Lungphun culture (megalithic culture) hi khawvel ram dang chu sawi loh, kan chhehvela hnamdangte – Khasi, Naga etc. te hian an ching hle a, an hnam nunphungah pawh pawimawhna a nei nasa hle nghe nghe a ni. Keini Mizo te ai mah hian a bik takin Khasi ho chuan an nunphungah awmzia an neih tir nasa niin a lang a, chuvangin lungphun hi an uar a, ngah pawh an ngah hle reng a. Heng lungphun te hi hriatrengna lungphun a nih piah lamah an chhungte thi tawh ruh dahna atan te leh thildang atan an hmang thin a ni. 

Archaeology-ah hian zirna peng hrang hrang zingah megaliths lam hi tunlaia langsar pawl tak a ni a. ‘Megaliths’ tih hi Greek tawng ‘mega’ leh ‘lithos’ atanga lak a ni a. Mega tih chu ‘lian(large)’ tih a ni a, lithos hi ‘lung’ (stone)’tihna a ni.1 Tichuan, megaliths tih chu lungphun lian sawina a ni mai a, a mal din aimahin huhova lungphun emaw phun tlar tuarh ang hi megaliths tih hian a hawi mah zawk a, a mal din (single upright stone) hi ‘monolith’ ti a sawi a ni thung. 

Megaliths (lungphun) hi khawvel hmun hrang hrangah hmuh tur a awm a, India hmarchhakah pawh hian a bikin Meghalaya ah hian a tam leh zual. Khawvelah hian Lungphun hi chi hrang hrang(types) a awm a, a phun dan a zirin hming hran an put tir vek a, chung zinga a tlanglawn te chu hengte hi a ni – 

a) Menhir – lung phun pangngai/ a tung, hei hi lung mal din a kawk deuh 

b) Alignment- hei hi a huho/a intlara lungphun sawina a ni. 

c) Stonehenge – a kuala lungphun 

d) Dolmen (table stone/stone seats) –a bawk a phun e) Cairns – lung chhun pawn (stone heaps) 

 

  Heng bakah hian phun dan chi hrang hrang a la awm nual a, mahse hengte hi a tlangpui an ni. A phun dan a zir hian a awmzia a danglam thin a, society-ah pawh an pawimawhna a inang lo bawk. Heng a chunga Type hrang hrang kan sawi atang hian Mizorama kan neih ve te han tarlang ila : 

a) Menhir – hei hi chu Mizo lungphun pangngai hi a ni a, a tung chho a phun ho hi a ni. Mizorama lungphun tam ber hi ‘Menhir’ a ni.

 b) Alignment – Lung phun tlar ho hi an ni mai a. Hmanlaiin pasaltha te hriatrengnan lung an phun tlar thin a, chung chu ‘Hranglungphun’ an ti. (eg. Tuithoh kama pasaltha Vanapa thlan an tih pawh hi lung lian vak lo phun tlar a ni.) Tin Mizoram hmarchhaka Lungphunlian pawh khi a piah deuhah khian a khat tawkin an inphun tlar hlawm bawk a. Hetianga lung phun tlar hi Alignment chu a ni. 

c) Dolmen – hei hi a bawk/tlu a phun a ni a, a hnuaiah kamtu a awm thin. Mizoramah chuan Champhai Zote tlanga ‘Sikpui Lung’ ang hi a ni. A phek zawngin leiah an phah a, a hnuaiah lungthu pathum in an kam kang a. Hetiang hi khawvel hmun dangah pawh hmuh tur tam tak a awm a, amaherawhchu an phun chhan (ideology) erawh a danglam thung. 

d) Cairns (kians ti a lam tur) – hei hi lung chhun pawn a ni a, a chung lamah a zuih ral thin. Mizoramah chuan Mara leh Lai hnam hovin an lal hriatrengnan a an phun thin ‘Pura’ ang hi a ni awm e. Pyramid ang hian a hnuai lama a arh a, a chung lamah a zuih ral thin a ni. 

e) Stone Platform :Lungdawh  Hetianga lungphun dan chi hrang hrang a awm avang leh a phun chhan pawh a inan loh nuai(h) avang hian Lungphun hlui te atang hian a phuntute chanchin leh an nunphung, an hnam chin dan te thui tak a zir theih a. Chuvangin lungphun(megaliths) hi history chhuina atana thil tangkai tak a ni reng a ni. Entirnan, Sikpui Lung chu Hmar ho kut pui khat ‘Sikpui Roui’an hman laia an phun thin a ni a, a phun dan pawh a awm thlap a ni.  

 Tin, Mizo te khan an lungphun reng rengah milem an ziak nasa hle a, ziah lohna (plain monument) pawh a awm tho bawk a. Heng milem te hi a tlangpuin Sial lu, dar lem, mihring lem, puan, sava, sakawr, silai, fei, sakhi/sazuk leh thil chi hrang hrang te an ziak/ker thin a. Thil mak ve deuh mai chu Zoram khawi hmuna mi pawh hi en ila, milem inziak a awm chuan an ziah dan kalhmang hi a inang vek mai a. Khawchhak lama Lianpui leh Vangchhia vela lungphuna mihring lem an ziah dan(style) leh khawtlang Pukzing daia lungphun te, South Sabual kawtchhuaha lungphun a mihring lem inziak te chu a inang vek a ni. Tin, Pu Rinsanga’n “heng lungphun zawng zawnga lemziakte hi a inang tlangpui a, chungte chu –mihring ding tlar lem te, thangchhuahpa lem te….etc. hnam khat kutchhuak tih a hriat hle…”2 tiin  a sawi a. A sawi ang hian Mizoram chhunga lungphunah te hian milem inziak a awm chuan mihring lem, hmanraw lem, sial lu etc. te hi a ni tlangpui, an ziah dan(style) pawh hi a inang deuh vek bawk. Khawchhak leh khawtlang lama mi pawh an thil ziah leh an ziah dan a inang tho bawk. Amaherawhchu hemi vang ringawt hian hnam khat kutchhuak a ni erawh kan ti ngawt thei lo.  

Lungphun a milem inziak te hi a ziah dan a zirin hetiang hian then theih a ni3 – a) Thai ran (scratching of figures on the outer surface) b) Ker khuar (deep cutting or deep incising) c) A pawnga inziak (Engraving of figures in high relief or embossing)  d) Engmah inziah lona lungphun (plain monument) 

 

 Tin, Mizo te thlang tlak dan leh an pem zel dan (routes of migration), an khawsak tawhna (settlement pattern) te kan zir chuan Mizoram khawchhak atang hian khawtlangah an chhuk thla zel tih a lang a. Chuvangin milema thil inziah dan(style) pawh an chhawm thla zel a nih hmel. Tin, khawchhak lama lungphun te hi a tlangpuiin khawtlang lama lungphun te aiin an upa zawk niin a lang, a phuntu ni a an sawi te chanchin enin.   Tin, ‘Pura’ hi Mara leh Lai hnam chenna velah hmuh tur a awm nual a, Chin Hills-ah Mara leh Lai ho lo awm tawhna ah te pawh hmuh tur a la awm. Chuvangin ‘Pura’ lung atang ringawt pawh hian Mara leh Lai hnam ho thlang tlak dan leh an kalkawng(routes of migration) hi a hriat theih ve riai riai a, chutiang zelin Sikpui Lung pawh Hmar ho chanchin chhui nan a tangkai bawk. Hetiang a nih avang hian lungphun hi chanchin hlui(history) chhui nan a tangkai em em a ni.  

 

Vangchhia ‘Kawtchhuah Ropui’ : A bik takin Vangchhia leh Lianpui a lungphun leh hmundanga Mizo lungphun awm te hi an danglamna chu milem inziak te hi a pawngchhuak a ziak an nih vang hi a ni. Vangchhia a kawtchhuah Ropui ah hian lungphun 250 vel a awm a, Mizoramah chuan hmun khata a hlawm a lungphun awmkhawm tamna ber a ni. 

A dawtah chuan Lianpui khaw kawtchhuah a ‘Lianpuia Lungdawh’ hi a ni ang. Hetah hian lungphun hi 84 vel a awm.4   A hma lama kan tarlan tawh angin Mizoram lungphuna a milem inziak te hi a inziah dan a zirin hlawm 4-ah then a ni a, heng zingah hian a pawng chhuaka ziak hi a har ber a, a ‘skill’ pawh a sang ber bawk. Vangchhia a Kawtchhuah Ropuia lungphunah te hian hetianga milem inziak hi a tam hle a, hei hian he lungphun pawh hi a ti hlu leh zual awm e. Mizoram hmun dangah pawh hetiang ang lungphuna milem a pawnga inziak hi a tam lo hle a, chhiar tham lek a awm. Amaherawhchu, hetiang ziak lungphun te hi Vangchhia, Lianpui leh Zotlang(Champhai) ah deuh chauh a awm anga sawi thin5 hi chu a dik chiah lova, Zoram hmun hrang hrangah hian hmuh tur a awm ve pheuh pheuh. Entirnan, hetiang lungphun hi khawthlang Pukzing bul ah ‘lung phun lian’ an tih mai te pawh a awm a, milem te pawh a pawnga inziak vek a ni.  

A hma lama kan sawi tawh angin lungphun te hian phun chhan an nei a, mitthi tawh hriatrengnan te, kut pui (series of feast of merit) puala phun te, thangchhuahpa in a hlawhtlinna hriatrengnana a phun te, khaw indin (settlement of villages) hriatrengnan te leh damlaia thiltih ropui tarlanna (damlai lung) atan te leh chhan tam tak vangin an phun thin. ‘Kawtchhuah Ropui’ a lungphun tam tak te hi thil engemaw bik atana phun aimahin lal leh mipuiin helaia an khawsak tawhna (settlement of villages) hriatrengnana an phun a nih a rinawm ber. Tin, helai hnaiah lung lakna tur lunghmun(quarry) emaw a awm loh avangin a lakna hnai vai ber tur ni a lang Tiau luia mi hi an la a nih hmel a,6 chuvangin hetiang zat lung la tur leh phun tur hian kum engemaw zat a ngai dawn a, chuvangin a phuntute hian helai hmunah hian khaw nghet tak an din a rinawm. Tin, hetiang zat lung hi Tiau lui atanga an la a nih chuan Vangchhia atanga Tiau lui panna kawng ‘lei rut/Mirawng lamlian’an tih mai, INTACH in ‘Pipute lam liam’ ti a an sawi tak hi zau tha tak a nih a rinawm. 

Tin, lemziak chungchangah hian hetiang milem hi ziak thei khawpin kan pipute hi an thiamna a sang a ngem ? tih zawhna te pawh a awm thei. Mizo pipute Tiau lui an kan hma, Chin Hills vela an awm lai pawh khan hmanrua atan thir hi an lo hmang nasa em em tawh a, hriamhrei lamah an changkang em em a ni.7 Chuvangin Thirdeng te kha an thiamna a sang hle tih a lang reng a, Mizoram an lo luh hnuah pawh silai cheng (gun- lock) te hial pawh an chher thiam tawh a. Chuvangin lunga milem ziak leh ker pawn te chu an thiam ve viau turah ngai ila. Amaherawhchu hetianga milem ziak dan hi anmahni atanga chhuak a ni lo mai thei a, entawn tur Tiau chhak lamah a awm tawh a nih hmel. 

 

Mirawng ho phun a ni em ?  

 Kawtchhuah Ropui a lungphun chi hrang hrangte hi Mirawng/Rongmei ho phun a ni thei em? tih ngaihdan a awm a. A chhan chu helai velah hian ‘Mirawng kawng/lamlian’ an tih mai te a awm a, an sulhnu ni thei awma sawite a awm vang a ni ber. Hetih lai hian Mizoram hmar chhaka khaw pakhat Lungphunlian khaw hming chawi chhan ‘Lungphun lian’ hi Mirawng ho sulhnu ni a ngai an awm nual bawk a. Hemi a nih avang hian ‘lungphunlian’ leh ‘kawtchhuah ropui’-phuntute hi Mirawngho ni a thenkhatin ngaihdan an neih avangin Mirawng ho chanchin tawite han tarlang ila.  

 Mirawng ho hi tute nge ? 

Mirawng/Rongmei ho hi Naga hnam chi khat, tuna Manipura cheng te an ni a. Naga hnam chi 10 zinga Kacha Naga hnam peng an ni. Kacha Naga hnam peng 4 te chu Zemi (Zeme/Zemei), Lyengmi(Liangmei), Maroungmai(Rongmei) leh Kabui te an ni. Kum 1963-a Nagaland chu state puitlinga hlan kai a lo nih khan ‘Kacha Naga’ tih chu paihin ‘Zeliang’ ti a dah an ni a, chu chu Zemei leh Liangmei hnam kaihkawp a ni. Hemi hnuah hian Rongmei tel lehin ‘Zeliangrong’ tih an lo ni ta a ni. Heng hnamho ah hian Kabui Naga te an tel bawk. Anni ho zingah hian Rongmei ho hi hnam lian an ni a, an ‘homeland’ ni a an ngaih chu Manipur khawthlang lam tlangdung, Imphal valley leh North Cachar hills(Assam) inkar hi a ni. Tunhma chuan Manipur, Assam, Nagaland, Tripura, Meghalaya leh Mizoram ah te an awm thin a, tunah Manipur-a Tamenglong District ah an awm. 

Rongmei tih hi Maroungmei tih atanga lak a ni a, anmahni tawng chuan ‘Rong’ tih chu ‘chhim lam’ tiha ni a, ‘Mei’ tih chu mi/mipui tihna ni. Tichuan Rongmei tih chu ‘chhim lam atanga rawn kal’ tihna tluk a ni. Anmahni chanchin kan chhiar chuan Zeliangrong hnam ho hi China rama chhimthlang(Southwest region of China) atanga Naga hnamdang -Ao, Angami, Sema, Lotha, Tangkhul, Rengma te nena rawn pem thla ni a rin a ni a. Burma ram leh South East Asia ramah rawn lut thla in tuna India hmarchhaka hian lut ta niin a lang.8 Naga ho hi Asia chhim chhak ram South East Asia a cheng hnam te nen hian inanna tam tak an nei a. Naga History kan chhiar chuan kum zabi 13-na velah tuna an chenna hi Burma atangin an lut niin a lang. Zeliangrong hnam ho pawh hi Naga hnam dang ang bawk a, Burma atanga lut niin an ngai.  

Rongmei chanchin ziaktu G. Makuga chuan ‘Liangmei hovin Angami an zui a, chumi hnuah Zemei hovin Manipur chhim thlangah an zui leh a, a dawt lehah Rongmei hovin Manipur khawthlang lam an lut veleh a. Hei hi tun thlenga an ‘homeland’ ni a an ngaih chu a ni’9 a ti. Tichuan Rongmei ho chu Naga hnam zingah rau rau chuan Chin Hills(Burma) atanga lut hnuhnung ber an ni a. G. Makuga chuan ‘Chin Hills-a Rongkiang tlangdung atanga Rongmei ho an chhuah hnuah Kookies (Koomees an tih bawk) te chuan kum zabi 17-na velah an zui veleh a. Mizorama an luh hnu hian Rongmei ho hi Lusei hovin Mrungs (Miruang/Rongmei) tiin an hria’ tiin a ziak.10 Mizorama an awm lai hian hmar chhak lam –Champhai, Tualcheng, Selam, Lungphunlian, Vankal tlangdung ah te an khawsa thin niin a ziak bawk. An khawsak tawhna ah te hian  suhnu an hnutchhiah nual a, lungphun bakah kulh hlui te, thlan hluite, kawngpui hlui te an hnutchhiah a ni. Tualcheng khaw daiah velah pawh hian hetiang hnuhma - Mirawng thlan(graves), Mirawng kulh (castles) te pawh tun thlengin hmuh tur a la awm nual bawk. 

Rongmei ho Mizorama an khawsak hun vel hi chhut thuakin kum zabi 17-na tawp lam vel a nih a rinawm a, a chhan chu  kum zabi 18-na tir lamah khan Lungphunlian khua atanga hmar lam km 5 vela hla Selam khuaah hian Mirawngho an la cheng niin an sawi.11 

 Lungphunlian hi lung phek lian pui mai, chher mam lem loh phun tawp a ni a. A piah leh deuhvah hian a khat mawi tawkin, kawngpui sirah zel lung chher mam lem loh a inphun phei nual bawk a. Hetianga lung inphun tlar hi ‘Alignment’ tih a ni. Kawngpui sirah a khat tawkin a inphun phei zut mai a ni.  

Manipura  Rongmei ho chenna thin bawr vela an lungphun dan nen hian a in ang hle a. Entirnan, Churachanpur chhehvela khaw pakhat Selangthel khaw dai velan an lungphun pawh hetianga lung chher mam lem loh, lian pui pui, kawngpui dunga a khat tawka inphun zut ang hi a ni a. Anni chuan ‘Boundary pillar’an ti. Tin, heng lungphunah te hian milem an ker ngai lem lo. Helai hmun hi hmanlaia Kabui Naga(Rongmei) hnam ho lo khawsak tawhna a ni.12 Chuvangin Manipura ram chhunga Rongmei ho lungphun dan nena khaikhin chuan Lungphunlian leh a bul vela lung inphun tlar (alignment) ho hi Mirawng/Rongmei ho phun a nih theihna lai pawh a awm. 

 Tichuan, Rongmei ho lungphun dan en chuan ‘Kawtchhuah Ropui’a lungphun te hi Mirawngho sulhnu niin a lang lo.  A hma lama kan tarlan tawh angin Mizoram hmun hrang hrangah hian hetiang lungphuna milem inziak hi hmuh tur a awm ve nual avangin hnam dang sulhnu ni a ngaih hi a har hle. A chhan chu, kan chhehvel Tripura, Cachar(Assam) leh Manipurah te hian hetiang hi hmuh tur a awm mang lova, Mizoram chhungah hian a awm ber a, chuvangin Kawtchhuah Ropui pawh hi Mizo sulhnu a nih a rinawm ber.     

 Humhalh a ngai “Kawtchhuah Ropui’ hi Mizote mai ni lo, khawvel tana thil ropui a nih avangin humhalh a ngai a, chuvangin hemi lam hawi hi tlem han belh ila. Richard Nickel chuan "Great architecture has only two natural enemies: water and stupid men" tiin a sawi a, heng lungphun te pawh hi a ti chhe tu chu tu dang ni lovin mihringte kan ni a, a humhalh theitu pawh mihringte tho kan ni.  ‘Kawtchhuah Ropui’ hi Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) in hmun pawimawh leh humhalh ngai (Site of National Importance) atan a puang tawh a. A lawmawm hle a ni. 

Heng bakah hian Mizoram Sawrkar pawhin kum 2001 khan ‘The Mizoram Ancient Monuments and Archaeological sites and Remains Act, 2001’ chu a lo passed tawh a, chumi hmang chuan ‘The Mizoram Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Rules, 2003’ chu hman a ni ta a.13 He Rules hmang hian Mizoram chhunga hmanlai thil hlui leh historical places engemaw zat chu humhalh ni ta a.  

He Dan in kan thilh lui te a humhalh dan leh hemi kawnga mipuite tih tur leh mawhphurhna te han tarlang ila a tha awm e.

a) Mi tumahin heng thil hluite hi ( ancient monument) an ti chhia in an khawih ching pen tur a ni lo, 

b) Ei leh in siamna atan an hmang tur a ni lova, mei chhem loh tur a ni bawk (a bikin Lungdawh chungah te), phalna nei an nih loh chuan,

 c) Thil zawrhna atan leh fakna (advertisement banner) tarna atan te hman phal a ni lo bawk, 

d) A hmun tlawh duhte tan pawh Ran emaw Motor emaw ken phalloh a ni. (a hmun tlawh duh te tana motor dahna an siam bak chu motor ken phal loh a ni). Ran ken phalloh tih hian a hungna te an chil chhe thei a, an ek khum thei bawk a, hemi laka ven nan hian a ni. 

e) Archaeological sites te hi phalna nei lo tan chuan laih emaw kut lo thlak ve ngawt theih a ni lo. Entirnan, hmanlaia thil hlui an phumna hmun te pawh hre mah ila, mahni thu a laih ngawt theih a ni lova, thuneituten phalna an pek a ngaih bakah a ti tur dik takin an laih a ngai. 

f) Tin, heng thil hlui laihchhuah tuma laih (archaeological excavation) a nih a, engemaw hmanrua/bungrua (antiquities) laihchhuah a awm a nih pawhin State Sawrkar hnenah Report pek tur a ni. 

g) Heng thil hluite hi thuneitute thu lo chuan mahni duh thu a lak sawn emaw lak bo ngawt theih a nilo. Lungvando bung pakhat, tuna State Museum kawta inphun pawh hi he dan hi lo nei hman ila chuan phun a ni kher awm lo ve.

 Heng bakah hian hmanlai thil hlui humhalh kawngah hian mipuite tih tur leh mawhphurhna tam tak a la awm. Hemi kawngah hian YMA te an thawh hlawk hle a, an fakawm hle a ni. Anmahni ram chhung theuhva thilhlui leh Mizo history a thil tangkai an neih chuan an humhalh vat a, chutiang tihna chang an hriat avang chuan an khua pawh miin an tlawh chak phah fo thin. Khaw changkang zia a ni. Hetiang a nih avang hian a changtu Department (Art & Culture) tan pawh a awlsam phah hle nghe nghe a ni.  

A tawp berah chuan, Kawtchhuah Ropui hi zirchian ngai a ni a, eng tik laia phun nge ? Tute phun nge? tih te hi mithiam te zirchian turah dah ila. Chutianga an zirchian theihna tur chuan a neitu te hian dim tak leh duat taka kan enkawl a pawimawh hle a ni.   

 

 

 

Thulakna te :                                                        

 1 Encyclopaedia Brittanica Inc, The New Encyclopaedia Brittanica Vol, VI(15th edition), USA, 1981.

 2 Rinsanga, Vanglaini, 19.9.2011 

3 Malsawmliana, Megalithic Monument of Mizoram : A Descriptive Study, Unpublished PhD Thesis, submitted to the Dept. of History, NEHU, Shillong, 2010, p.30. 

4 December 6-11, 2004 khan helai hmun hi tlawh a ni a, hemi tum hian lungphun hi 84 a awm. 

5 Rinsanga, op.cit. 

6 Tiau lui hi Vangchhia atang hian km 7 vela hla a ni. 

7 B. Lalthangliana, History of Mizo in Burma, Aizawl,1975, p.20. 

8 Gangumei Kamei, A History of the Zeliangrong Nagas, Spectrum Publications, Guwahati, 2004, p.29 

9 G. Makuga, Introduction to the Rongmei Nagas, Imphal, 1994. 

10 ibid. 

11 B. Lalthangliana, Mizo Chanchin, Published by Remkungi, Aizawl, 2001, p.200; Liangkhaia, Mizo Chanchin, (5th Edition), Mizoram Publication Board, 2002, p.20. 

12 Potshangbam Binodini Devi, The Megalithic Culture of Manipur, Agam Kala  Prakashan, New Delhi, 2011.pp.8991.

13 For details see, The Mizoram Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act, 2001(Act No.2 of 2001), The Mizoram Gazette Extra Ordinary, Published by Authority. Vol .XXX, Issue No.62, Aizawl, 28.3.2001, and The Mizoram Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Rules, 2003, The Mizoram Gazette Extra Ordinary. Published by Authority. Vol .XXXIV, Issue No.328, Aizawl, 24.11.2005. 

YMA SAKHMING AN KO

-      Dr Malsawmliana

 

‘Rualtin khum zaleng insiam, YMA sakhming an ko’ ti a V. Thangzama’n a lo phuah  Young Mizo Association (YMA) hi a indin danah Mizo zawng zawng huap pawl a ni a, a din tirh a\anga tun thleng hian Mizo hnam tana a lo thawh ve tawhna leh a pawimawhna hi sawi tham a awm ^wm e. YMA hi Mizo hnam leh mipuite \hatna tur leh hmasawnna tura din a nih avangin theihtawp chhuahin a kal chho ve zel a, Mizo mipuite pawhin kan ngaihlu chho zel niin a lang a, a lawmawm hle mai.

          Kum 1935, June 3 (Thawh\anni) zanah Zosap Missionary Pi Zaii (Miss K. Hughes) chenna Inah Zosap Missionary te leh khatih laia Kohhran hruaitu \henkhat te an inhmukhawm a, he an inhmuhkhawmna ah hian pawl din zai an rel ta a. YMA History (1935-1995) ziaktu C. Vanlallawma chuan hemi zana an inhmuhkhawm leh pawl an din ta mai hi an tum reng vang pawh a ni lo, tiin a sawi. Tichuan an p^wl hming tur te an han rawt kual vel a, khawvel puma \halai pawl, Young Men Christian Association (YMCA) ang deuhin Young Mizo Christian Association (YMCA) tih te pawh rawt an awm a, chutah Zorema Pa (Rev. David Edward ) chuan, “Kristian tan bik anga kan tih chuan mi kan hip tawk lo vang a; Wales rama Young Wales Association ang deuh khuan ‘Young Lushai Association’ i ti mai ang u hmiang,” tiin rawtna a siam a, chu rawtna chu lungrual takin an pawm ta a. Hemi zan hian an pawl din YLA chu a hawn ni atan June 15, 1935 an ruat nghal a. A hming chungchangah hian Pu Muka chuan, ‘A hming bula ‘Young’ tih pawh hi nula/tlangval tihna ni lovin hnam \hang lai tihna ni zawk’ tiin a sawi. (YMA din chhuah \an dan, YMA Chanchinbu, February, 1999)’

          YMA dinna tura inhmuhkhawma tel te hi sawi dan chi hnih a awm a. C. Vanlallawma chuan hemi zana tel te hi chiang takin hriat theih tawh loh mahse hengte hi an tel ngei ni a a hriat thu a sawi, chungte chu - Rev. David Edward (Zorema Pa) Upa D. Thianga, Rev.L.Evans (Pu Niara), Upa Chawngzika, Miss K. Hughes (Pi Zaii), Pu Muka, Rev Chhuahkhama, Pu Vankhuma, Pu L.Kailuia B.A, Pu L.H.Liana leh Upa CH.Pasena. (YMA History 1935-1995). Hetih lai hian hemi zana tel ngei Pu Muka chuan  a tel a sawite chu hengte hi an ni ve thung - Rev D. Edwards, Rev L. Evans, Pastor Chhuahkhama, Pu Pasena, Pu D. |hianga, Pu Muka, Pu L. Kailuia, Pu Vankhuma, Pu Hrangaia leh Pi Zaii ( in neitunu) te. Eng pawh nise, hemi zana inhmukhawm te hi an ngaihsanawmin Mizo hnam hmakhua ngai tu tak tak te an ni a, an ngaihtuahna a\anga thil lo chhuak hi Mizo hnam tan a rotling a ni tlat.

          YMA Minute Bu hluia a lan dan chuan he pawl dinchhan hi ‘Tlangval hoin an hun awlte a \ha lama an hman a, an nundan te a dik lam leh a hrisel zawnga an neih theihna tura fuihna a ni” tih leh thil dangte a tel a,  hemi anih avang hian YLA a tel turte chu an fimkhur em em a, vantlang duh loh Zu in chunga tel te, nungchang mawi lo taka awm te chu member an nih ve phal sak an ni lo.

          Tichuan June 15, 1935 zanah chuan Khatla a ‘vai sikul’ an tih mai Nepali School (tuna Central YMA Office thlanga mi)  ah mipui inkokhawmin ‘Young Lushai Association (YLA)’  chu an din ta a. A hawnna hunah hian mipui intihhlimna tur te ruahmanna an siam lawk vek a, Pu Hrangaia hovin lemchan hmuhnawm tak ‘ Bishop’s Candle Stick’ tih chu an chang a, mipuiin an hlut hle a ni. He lemchan a tel te chu - Tv Darthantluanga,  Tv Sangliana, Tv Lalkailiana, Tv Chawnghranga, Tv Biaktluanga, Tv Mangkhuma, Tv Lalchungnunga leh Tv Thanzuala te an ni a, he lemchan hi YLA pual lemchan hmasa ber a ni. ( C. Lalropuia, YMA Chanchin, 1985)

           C. Vanlallawma chuan YLA an din tirh hian an hruaitu te hi an inthlang nge an inruat tih a hriat tawh loh a, an hruaitute pawh Officer tiin an sawi, a ti bawk.

          Hetianga Mizo zawng zawng huap zo p^wl, YLA a din chhoh takah chuan a bikin \halai ten an bawh em em a. |halaite hmasawnna tur ngaihtuahin zau takin hma an la nghal a. kawng hrang hrang heng hriselna lam te, infiamna, rilru lam hriselna leh zirna lam a hmasawnna turin rampum  huapin hma an la chho ta a ni. Tichuan Mizoram hmun hrang hrangah YLA Branch a ding chho ta zut zut mai a ni.

          Kum 1945-46 chho velah Mizote zingah Politics a \hanharhna nasa tak a rawn piang chho a, a bikin lehkhathiam ten ram leh hnam veina rilru an pu chho \an a. Mizoram pawh Sap hovin Lushai Hills ti a an lo vuah tawh pawh chu a huap zau zawka a hming thlak duhna a lo awm chho a, hetianga boruak in\hial chho karah hian Mizoram political party hmasa ber, April 9, 1946-a din pawh ‘Mizo Union’ tiin a hming vuah a ni nghe nghe a. Hetianga Mizo hnam hming hman a nih chhoh takah hian kum 1935 October 27 a din Lushai Students Association (LSA) pawh September 1, 1946 ah Mizo Zirlai Pawl (MZP) ti a thlak veleh nghal a ni.

          YLA hruaitute pawhin ngaihtuahna fim tak hmangin hun lokal zel turah ‘Lushai’ tih hi hman zui a remchang reng dawn lovin an ngai a nih hmel a, a kum leh October 7, 1947 ah chuan ‘Young Lushai Association (YLA)’ chu ‘Young Mizo Association (YMA)’ tiin thlak a ni ve ta a ni. Hetianga MZP leh YMA ten Lushai aiah Mizo an hman chhoh tak vang hi ni maw,  Kum 1952 September 27-a District Council memberte \hukhawm chuan ‘ Kan ram hminga Lushai Hills tih hi Mizoram tiha thlak ni tawh rawh se. Hemi Sorkarin a thlak theih loh pawhin a ti theitu hnenah bawhzui ni rawh se’ tiin an lo rel tawh a. Hemi thu bawhzui zel hian Pu R. Thanhlira, khatih laia Rajya Sabha MP chuan kum 1953 September ah Parliament-ah ‘Lushai Hills District’ tih  chu ‘Mizoram’ ti a thlak turin Bill a pu lut a. Tichuan Parliament chuan pawmin ‘Lushai’ tih chu ‘Mizo’ ti a thlak a ni ta a, chumi ang chuan kum 1954-ah ‘Lushai Hills District’ pumpui chu “Lushai Hills District (Change of Name) Act, 1954” dan hmangin Mizo District ti a thlak a ni ta a ni.

          YMA hruaitu hmasa te hian ‘Mizo hnam thang lai (young)’ tana thil \angkai tak ni tura he pawl an lo din hi an ngaihtuah a zau in an hmakhaw thlir a thui hle a ni. YMA a din hma hauh pawh hian Mizo \halaite, a bikin Kristian zingah \halai te inhmuhkhawmna leh inkhawm te pawh nei \hin an lo awm tawh a. Kum 1928 velah Bilkhawthlir khuaah ‘Tlangval Inkhawm’ an lo nei tawh \hin a, \halai han intihkhawm a, infuihna hun han hman te pawh an lo ching tawh \hin a ni. Zirlai pawlte pawh a lo ding chho ve \an ta bawk a. Chutiang boruak karah chuan kan Zosap Missionary te hian \halaite khawvel hi an lo thlir thiam a, Kohhran behchhan deuh roh, ni chiah si lovin, Kohhrana rawngbawltute telna tlak ni si in YMA hi an lo din chhuak niin a ngaih thei. Prof Laltluangliana chuan, ‘tichuan \halaite kawng dika kaihhruai nan he pawl YLA (YMA) hi dina lo ni ta a. Kohhran huang chhunga khurkhung lovin, Kristian lote pawh kawng dika hruai luh an nih theihna turin Mizo \halaite insuihkhawmna tur pawl hi rilru zau taka bul \an a ni’ a ti bawk. ( Kristian |halai pawl chanchin, p.20)

          YMA hruaitu hmasate hian ngaihtuahna fing tak an neih chu ‘tanpui ngaite \anpui’ tih thuvawn atan an lo thlang hi a ni. Hei hi Mizo hnamin ze ropui tak kan neih ‘Tlawmngaihna’ nen a inzawm tlat a, Mizote rilruah chuan a mikhual lo a, a bet tlat a ni. Chuvangin tun thleng hian ‘YMA leh Tlawmngaihna’ tih chu thil inkawp leh thuhmun sawina tlukah kan ngai a, tlawmngai pawl tiin kan sawi a nih hi. Hetianga Mizo hnamin pi leh pute hun atanga kan ze ropui taka mai YMA nena hmeh bel theih tura an lo duang hi an ngaihtuahna a lo fing hle mai tih loh chi a ni lo. Hei hi tun thlenga Mizo te rilru a YMA ti nungtu leh chhem alh rengtu, fuihtu a ni reng a ni.

Mizote leh Hripui

- Dr Malsawmliana 

Khawvel pumah hripui a leng mek a, mi tam takin nunna hlu tak an ch^n a, hetih lai hian mi tam tak he natna lak atang hian an dam chhuak m>k bawk a. He hri hian eng chen nge min chenchilh dawn a hriat loh a, a awm reng tawh dawn pawh a ni mai thei e. Chutihrualin he natna laka inven dan hi a ni telin kan thiam chho zel a, fimkhur dan pawh kan thiam tawh khawp mai.  Tunhma a\angin hri hi khawvelah a lo leng tawh thin a, tun thleng hian a khat tawkin a la leng reng a, a la leng zel dawn ni te pawhin a lang.  

Mizote pawh hian kan pi leh pute hun lai atang tawh khan hri hi an lo buaipui tawh thin a, hri laka inven dan te pawh an lo nei tawh thin a ni. Tun tumah hian Mizoten hripui kan lo vei tawh dan \henkhat leh kan lo hmachhawn dan tlangpui kan tarlang dawn a ni.  

Kan pi leh pute khan hri leng leh natna laka inthen fai nan inthawina chi hrang hrang an buatsaih \hin a, natna a zirin inthawina pawh a hrang zel a; entirnan, kaih leh sual thawi nan ‘Zunthiang’ an hmang a, naupang hrilawn atan arhluisen leh vawkte te an hmang bawk a. Chutiang chuan natna an tawh hlek chuan an inthawi thuai zel a, ti natu ni a an ngaih hnenah inthawina hi an hlan thin a ni.  

Kan pipute khan khatih hun laia hri – zawnghri, sentut, khuhhip etc. laka invennan chin dan pakhat an nei a, chu chu ‘hri dai theu’ a ni. Hri dai an theu dan hi a chipchiara sawi dawn chuan a thui deuh dawn a. An khaw \henawmin hri an vei chuan an khuaa a rawn luh lohnan leh a darh loh nan an lo inveng a, khaw kar kawngah dai an lo theu \hin a ni. Lalin a khaw \henawm ten hri an vei tih a hriat veleh a upate a kokhawm a, hridai theu chungchang an rel nghal a. Engkim an ruahman fel hnuah hri dai theu turin an chhuak a, hmeithai erawh an kal ve ngai lo. Hri vei khua nen a inkar kawngah Sekawtrawlh an siam a, chu sekawtrawlh a\anga khaw lam leh ram lamah hlam sawmnga vela thuiah kawngthlang lam chu an sam fai vek a, hruai an thlung phei a, hruiah chuan chh^wl an bang chhuak vek a. Hauhuk vun lih chu hnim leh puanchhia ten an thun puar a, Hauhuk ang thei berin an siam a, Sekawtrawlh bulah, in lam hnaihah  chuan a dam lai ang thei ber turin an \hut tir a. Chutiang chiah chuan  mihring lem an siam bawk a, a rapthlak thei ang berin an chei a, thawmhnaw chhe deuh deuh te an hak tir bawk a. Hauhuk lem bulah chuan an \huttir a, a \hen an din tir bawk a. Chutianga an peih fel vek hnuah chuan Puithiam ( Bawlpu) in a zupeng ah chu a hmuam a, sekawtrawlh leh a chhehvel chu a phuh kual a, hetiang hian a chham pah bawk a: 

‘Kan theu e, kan theu e, Hri dai kan theu e;
 Kan thiang lo ve, kan thiang lo ve,
Lo kal suh u, lo kal suh u, Zakapa khuaah kal zawk rawh u.
( An khawn thenawmah kal zawk turin a ti)

Chutianga an tih zawh vek hnuah chuan In lamah an haw a, Lal hnenah engkim an thlen vek a. Lal chuan Tlangau tirin in tinah an In pawn bangah Chhawl thiat vek turin a au tir a. Hei hi hri in kha in kha a luh lohna tura invenna a ni. 

Hauhuk leh Chh^wl (hnim) te hian mihringin kan hmuh theih loh hri leh ramhuaite hmu thei vekah an ngai a, chuvangin an dah ngei \hin a ni. Hri dai theu chu hri vei lo khuaten a vei khuate ‘lo kal suh u, hri kan inkai ang e’ an tihna a ni. Hetianga Hri dai theu an lo kal pui \hin hian kan pi leh pute hun lai khan hri a leng \hin tih leh an inkai palh lohnan nasa takin an inveng a, an lo inkharkhip \hin tih a ti chiang hle a ni. ( R. Chaldailova, Mizo Pipute Nunkhua, 2019, pp.68-73.) 

Mizoramah tunhma a\angin hian hri leng hi hriat tur a lo awm ve fo tawh a, thenkhat chu khawvel puma hri leng rawn lut te a nih laiin thenkhat erawh chu lian tham vak lo leh a lenna bial zim deuh zawk te pawh an ni awm e. 

British Sipai lal, TH Lewin (Thangliana) chuan kum 1860 khan Mizoram chhim lama Mizo awm ten Bangladesh-a Chittagong Hill Tracts a Kassalong Bazar an zuk run \umin Zawnghri (Smallpox) an rawn kai haw thu a ziak a. A kum leh 1861 ah pawh British lalram chhung an r

Kum 1870 khan Chittagong Hill Tract –a Mizo hnam pakhat, Khumi (Matu an ti bawk) hnam zingah Zawnghri (Smallpox) vei an awm a, an hlau hle mai a. He natna hi Burma ram, Arakan lam atanga ramhuai hnathawh lo lut niin an ring a. An khaw chhunga luh leh chhuah te an khap nghal vek a, Zawng thisen ten an chenna in te an phuh a, a lu te chu an khaw luhna kawngka (gate) ah an tar bawk a. Hun engemaw ti chhung atan an chenna in te an rauh san a, damlo ber kha amahin an awm tir a, ramhnuaiah an tlanchhiat san vek \hin a ni. Heng Khumi hnam te hi Lewin-a chuan ‘P^wi’ ti a kan sawi zinga mi an ni tiin a sawi bawk. (TH Lewin, Wild Races of South-Eastern India, p. 120, 151) 

Mizoram khawthlang lama Mizo te chenna bawr, Tripura Jampui tlang dungah pawh hian kum zabi 19 bawr chho velah khan Zawnghri a leng nasa a, hemi avang hian an khuate pawh rauhsan a lo ni tawh a, a hnuah Dokhuma Sailo leh Hrangvunga Sailo te hovin an luah leh chauh niin an sawi bawk. 

Mizorama Sap sipai rawn luh \um hnih, Vailen vawi khatna (1871-72) leh Vawi hnihna (188990) bawr velah pawh khan Sapho leh an \huihruai mi tam tak zingah natna hri – tuihri, malaria te a leng \hin a, engemaw zat an thih phah nghe nghe a ni. Heng hri lengah te hian anmahni mai ni lo, Mizote ngei pawh in an lo vei phah ve bawk. Khatih hun lai khan Mizoram ramri hrulah leh hmun remchangah sumdawnna hmun Bazaar – Sonai Bazaar, Tipaimukh Bazaar leh Changsil Bazaar te siam a ni a, hengah te hian Vaiho leh Mizo ten bungrua an inthleng tawn thin avangin an inpawlhsawp lo thei lo a. Engemaw hri leng hlek pawh an inkai awlsam hle a ni. 

Kum 1881-1882 a Mautam |am ah khan Mizo tam tak chuan hun engemaw ti chhung atan \henawm ram, Cachar lamah an tlan thla a. |am reh hnua an rawn let leh khan mi engemaw zat chuan tuihri an rawn kai haw nghe nghe a ni.  

Heng natna hri leng kan han sawi te hian ramchhung zau zawka  huap lem lo a, khawi lai bial zim zawkah emaw te a leng a, buaipui tham lutuk a ni lem lo. 

Hemi hnuah hian Mizoramah Zawnghri (Smallpox) a leng ta zauh zauh a, kum 1882, 1908, 1913 ah te hriattur a awm a, mahse engtiang takin nge an tawrh hriat a ni lo. Hetih hun lai hian Sawrkarin hri dan nan ban zai (vaccine) an ti \an a, mi tam takin he invenna hi an la a, natna hri lakah an him phah reng a ni. A bikin France ram kal ho te phei chuan an la vek a, hri kai buaipui velah pawh an tangkai em em a ni. 

Kum 1918 November thla khan khawvel pumah hripui a leng a, he hripui leng hi influenza an ti a, khawvela hripui leng nasa ber leh thi pawh an tam berna a ni awm e. Khawi atanga rawn darh tan nge a hriat loh a, USA ah chuan kum 1918 nipui laiin Sipai zingah an hmu tan a, tichuan 1918-19  ah khawvel pumah a darh chho ta a ni. He hripui avang hian khawvel pumah mi maktaduai 500 vel ( khawvel mipui hmun thum a \hena hmun khat) a khawih a, mi maktaduai 50 vel an thi a, USA bikah mi 6,75,000 vel an thi a ni. 

 Mizoramah chuan kum 1918 ah Indopui pakhatna a lo reh a, France rama kal mi sang rual te chu an lo haw ta a. Aizawl Lammualah Bawrhsapin anmahni lawmna hun ropui takin a buatsaih a, hei hi hripui len hma lawk a ni awm e. Hemi hnua anmahni khua \heuha an haw dawn lai vel hian hripui hi a leng \an a ni awm e. Thenkhat chuan an khua pawh thleng hman lovin ramhnuaiah hun engemaw ti chhung an awm deuh ren rawn hman a ni. 

He hri leng hi an sawi danin Mizoramah chuan Sipaihovin an vei hmasa a, midangah a pun lun ta zel a, thingtlang khuate pawhin an tuar chho ta zel a. He hripui leng (influenza) hi Mizoramah chuan hetianga chhiatna nasa a thlen hmasak ber a ni awm e. Aizawlah leh a chhehvel khua ah te a darh a, chutah khaw dangah a darh zel a. Aizawl atanga hla vak lo, Hmunpui khua, In 90 vel awmnaah chuan November, 1919 chhung lek pawhin mi 30 chuang an thi hman a ni. (Christianity and subaltern culture, Vanlalchhuanawma, pp.234-235,) Chutiangin Mizoram chhim lam khuaah te pawh a darh ta zel a ni. 

Hri kai avangin mitthi an pung ta hluai a, nikhatah pawh mi 4/5 te an thi a, an buai tak meuh meuh a ni. Zatluanga sawi dan chuan, ‘thlan lai tur pawh awm lo khawpin an na zova, France ram kalte chauhvin he hri hi an vei ve loh avangin thlan lain an hah em em a ni. Mitthi te pawh France ram kal hlirin an khawn khawm a, hlang nghet taka phan khawlaiah an zawn an zawn a, \ap ri an hriatna apiangah hlang chu an zawn lut a, mitthi chu thlan laih zawh hmasak apiangah an phum zel a ni. Chutiang khawpa thlan laitute pawh an indaih loh avang chuan thlan khata tam deuhva phum mai te pawh an awm bawk.’ (Mizo Chanchin, p.212) 

He hripui avanga Mizote tawrhna hi a nasa em em a, chung zinga khaw pahnihin an tawrh dan han tarlang ila :

  

Serchhip khua hian an tuar nasa hle a. Chhungtin mai chu kal kan lovin a bawh ta zel a, nikhatah ruang 4/5 te an inphum ta zel mai a, inkhat atangin ruang 2/1 chhuah chang te pawh a awm a ni awm e. He hri avang a thi hmasa ber chu Thaikhawnga a ni.  Ruang hlawmtu lam pawh an hah hle ang. Hemi kum January thla chhung hian mi 98 in nunna an chan hman. A inven dan tur an hre si lova, damdawi ei tur a awm lo bawk nen, a inven dan \ha ber ni a an hriat chu inkharkhip a ni mai a. Zan lamah chuan tumah pawn chhuah loh tur an ti a, mitin mai chu mahni inah an tawm vek a, khawlai pawh a reh thuap mai a ni. (Serchhip khaw chanchin by Lungduhsanga)  

Mizorama hripui leng sawi apianga lo lang hmasa zel chu Letzakaia khua, Hriangtuinek (tuna Phuaibuang khua) khua in hripui an tuar nasat dan hi a ni. He khuaah hian Infleunza hripui bakah Zawnghri (Smallpox) a leng tel bawk a. Kum 1919 March-May chhung khan he khua ringawtah hian hripui avangin mi 380 an thih phah a ni. Phuaibuang YMA in Hriangtuinek khaw hmun hluiah hripui vanga thi te hriatrengna lung an phun nghe nghe  a ni. He khuaa Zawnghri vei hmasate hi khaw daiah an dah hrang a, chungte chu hawk dak zual pakhatin a lo va en a\anga inkaidarh ta an ni awm e. 

Kan pi leh pute khan ngaihtuahna fing tak neiin hripui laka invenna tur hian an theih tawpin hma an lo la \hin a, chung an hmalak dan te chu tunlaia kan tih ang tho hi a lo ni a. Hripui laka an khua an himna turin an khua an hung a, hri dai an theu a, khaw dang mi nen inkalpawh an duh lo. Tin, hri vei te pawh midang nen an inkaichhawn lohna turin an khung hrang bawk \hin. Kum 1919-a Serchhipa hripui a len \um pawhin mipui an lo inkharkhip (lockdown) daih tawh a, mahni inah an tawm \hap a, pawn chhuah pawh an phal lo. Hengte hi tuna kan tih ang tho hi a ni a, a invenna damdawi an hmuh chhuah hma hi chuan heng inhung bik leh inkhunghrang (quarantine) te hi inven dan tha ber chu a ni rih. Tunhma lam khan khawvel hmun danga an tih dan entawn tur pawh an hre lovang a, entawn nachang pawh an hre kher lovang. Chuvangin \ha ni a an ngaih ang khan an ti mai a, an lo fing hle a ni. Khang bak kha tunlai khawvelah pawh a tih dan kan hre chuang rih lo a nih hi. 

06.06.2020