Wednesday, March 8, 2023

THU LEH HLA HUANGA LEMCHAN DINHMUN LEH PAWIMAWHNA

-         Prof. Malsawmliana

Department of History

Govt. T. Romana College

 

 

 Tun \umah hian ‘Thu leh hla huanga lemchan dinhmun leh pawimawhna’ tih thu kan sawi dawn a, kum 2020-ah khan ‘Mizo lemchan tobul leh hma a sawn dan’ tih kan lo sawi tawh a. A thupui hi lemchan (drama) lam ve ve a ni na in kum kalta lama kan sawi kha chu Mizo lemchan \obul leh a hmasawn dan lam hrutna a ni a, Mizo literature lam kan hrut ngawr ngawr a. Tun \umah erawh hi chuan Mizo bik a ni chuang lova, thu leh hla khawvela lemchan (Drama) dinhmun leh a pawimawhna te, hlutna te leh a \angkaina emaw te kan hrut ve thung dawn a ni. A huang pawh a zau khawp mai.

A hmasa in Lemchan (drama/play) chungchang hi sawifiah hmasa ila a \ha awm e. Drama tih hi Greek \awng ‘dran’ a\anga lakchhuah a ni a, a awmzia chu ‘ a tih a tih’ emaw ‘chan chhuah’ tihna emaw a ni a. Dr H. Laldinmawia’n a lehlin danah chuan ‘Drama chu thawnthu, a taka chan chhuah hi a ni a, Mizo \awnga ‘lemchan’ tia kan dah hian a  phawk chhuak chiang hle a ni’ a ti. (H. Laldinmawia, Literature Lamtluanga, p.146)

Lemchan hi a \obulah chuan  Greek ho chin chhuah ni a ngaih a ni a, kum zabi 5-na lai vela an lo chin \an niin an sawi. Greek ho hi finnaah an sang a, khawvela hnam fing hmasa an ni a, an thu leh hla te hi tun thlenga zir tlak leh finna pai an la ni zel a ni. Greel lemchan ziak thiam, Aeschylus –a lemchan thawnthu ziak (historical play) ‘The Persian’ tih chu tunlai thlenga lemchan (drama) kan hmuh theih upa ber a ngaih a ni a, kum BC 472-a a ziak a ni. Tun thleng hian he lemchan hi sap\awngin mi tam takin an letling tawh nghe nghe a ni.

Lemchan hi chi hrang pathum-ah hlawm lian deuh deuhin an \hen a, chungte chu – Tragedy, Commedy leh Tragi-Comedy te a ni. (H. Laldinmawia, Literature Lamtluanga, p.171)

Tragedi chu thawnthu, a tawp lama lugngaihna a khar hi a ni mai a, hei aia hrilhfiahna thuk zawk pawh a awm awm e. Commedy tih erawh chu hlimna a thawnthu khar hi a ni mai bawk a, mi en tra lemchan a nih chuan a en tute hlim deuh leh hahdam deuhin an awm thei \hin a ni. Tragi-Commedy erawh chu a awlsam zawngin ‘lungngaihna leh hlimna inpawlh lemchan’ tiin an sawi leh mai a. Heng hlawm lian pathum hnuaiah \heuh hian chi hrang hrang in an \hen darh leh a, sawi sen pawh a ni awm lo ve. Chutihrualin heng hlawm lian pathum kan sawi tak te hi lemchan chungchangah chuan  khaikhawmtu tak tak an ni.

Litearture huangchhungah chuan lemchan hian hmun a awh zau em em a. Literature hi hlawm thum lian pui puiin an \hen a. Chungte chu – Hla/hlahril (poetry), Lemchan (Drama) leh Thu /thuziak (Prose) te an ni a. (H. Laldinmawia, Literature Lamtluanga, p.19) Lemchan hi hlawm dang pahnih – Thuziak (Prose) leh hla (Poetry) te ai chuan tunhma a\angin mipuiin an hlut niin a lang a, a chhan chu mipui hmuha chan chhuah \hin a nih vang a ni. A changtu ten an thiam phei chuan thlirtute mit a titlaiin a thawnthu in nasa takin nghawng a nei thei a ni. Hemi anih avang hian lemchan hi kan thil duh zawng chanchhuahnan leh thehdarh nan a \angkai em em a ni. Chutihrualin lemchan hi thuziak tluang hmanga ziah theih a nih rualin hla thu(poetry) hmanga ziah theih a ni bawk a. Chuvang chuan lemchan hi a chang chuan Prose huangah emaw Poetry huangah te pawh an lo dah \hin.

Literature huanga Thuziak (Prose) chh<ngah hian thawnthu (Novel) te pawh a awm a, thawnthu hi chu a nih angin a awm tawp a, miin an chhiar tura phuah a, chhawp sak a ni deuh mai a. Lemchan (Drama) ah chuan thawnthu kha mipui hma a chan chhuah theih tura duan a ni a, pho lan a ni zawk \hin.

Lemchan hian thil chi hrang hrang a fawmkhawm hnem hle a, hei hi literature \huang dangte aia a danglamna a ni. Lemchan chu chhiar theih a ni a, chan theih a ni bawk a. Chubakah mipui hmuha an chan pheih chuan mit a hmuh theih a ni a, ngaihthlak theih a ni leh zel bawk a. Hetiang a nih avang hian mite rilruah a thawk na bik a ni.

 

Mizorama lemchan thawnthu \obul leh hmasawn chhoh dan tawi te in han tarlang ila a \ha awm e.

Lemchan hi Mizote zingah chuan thil thar leh kan la chin ngai loh a ni a. Mizorama Zosap Missionary an rawn luh a, zirna sikul an kal pui hnuah Mizo zingah ziak leh chhiar thiam an lo pung chho zel a. Mizo thu leh hla pawhin nasa takin hma a sawn phah a. Hla phuah miin Mizo lengkhawm thlukin Pathian hla an phuah a, Zosapte pawhin an phuah a, an letling bawk a. Chanchinbu a chhuak bawk a, hei hian nasa takin Mizo thu leh hla hmasawnna leh \hanlennaah a thawhhlawk hle a ni.

Mizorama lemchan kan hriat hmasak ber chu kum 1912 Krismas zanah Aizawla Thakthing tlanga Zawlbuk-ah  Pu Zosaphluia hovin nu leh pa leh \halai ten lem an chang a. Hetah hian lemchan chi hrang hrang - Sap mikhual leh tawnglettu, Krisma hre leh hre lo, Kristian leh Kristian lo inbiakna, Sap putar leh Mosolman putar lem inbiakna, Khasi dialogue, Mizo leh vai inthuam dan sawiselsakna ve ve, Bawrhsap lem leh thuchhe neitu 2 leh Rahsi lemchang an chang a. Hei hi Lemchan chhuah hmasa ber a ni nghe nghe a ni. Hemi \um hian mipui pawh an \hahnem hle a, an sawi danin mi 600 vel an kalkhawm a ni awm e. ( B. Lalthangliana, Mizo Literature, 2005(2nd ed) p.157)

Heng lemchan te hi tu ziak nge kan hre lo na in lemchan \ha tak tak hmuh tur a awm hi a chhinchhiah tlak hle a ni. A kum leh zelah pawh Krismas zanah chuan lemchan hmanga intihhlimna hi Aizawlah chauh ni lovin thingtlangah pawh an ching chho ta zel a. Hmun thenkhatah phei chuan Biak Inah te hial an chang bawk.

Lemchan chungchang zirbingtu hmasa, Prof. Laltluangliana Khiangte chuan, kum 1912-1924 inkar hi lemchan zungkaih hun a ni e” tiin a sawi. (B. Lalthangliana, Mizo Literature, 2005(2nd ed) p.361) Harhna tum thumna (1919) in Biak In leh Kohhran huangchhunga lemchan chan \hin chu a nawr tawm ta a, hemi avang hian lemchan lam pawh a \han a \hut phah hle a ni.

Kum 1925 ah Ch. Pasena buatsaih “Heroda chawimawina” tih chu Aizawl Boys ME School ah an chhuah leh a, heta \ang hian lemchan chu a rawn par chho leh \an ta a ni. Chhinchhiah tlak tak chu, heng lemchan thawnthu ziaktute hian an ziak satliah ngawt lova, chan theih turin an siam a, mipui thlir turin hmun remchangah an chang \hin a ni. Engemaw tih pui hun leh YLA/YMA thiltihnaah te mipui kalkhawm tihhlimnan lemchan hi an chhuah fo \hin.

Mizo literature huanga lemchan \hanchhoh zel dan leh hmasawn zel dan erawh tun \umah hian kan sawi hman dawn lova. Kum 1925 chho a\ang hi chuan tibuaitu awm lovin lemchan hi a \hang chho ta zel a, ziaktu pawh an pung zel a, vawiin thlengin Mizo thu leh hlaah hum pawimawh tak a la luah ta zel a ni.

Chutihrualin lemchan thawnthu hi mipui hmuh tura chan a nih loh chuan a nih tur ang a ni pha lova, chhiar ringawt hi chuan a hlutna hi a pho lang chiam lo niin a lang.

Lemchan pawimawhna \henkhat han sawi leh dawn ta ila.

1.      Sap pachal, hla phuah thiam (Poet) leh thu ziak thiam lar tak, John Dryden chuan lemchan hi ‘mihring nunphung dik, tak tarlanna a nih avangin mite tihhlimna leh mite thil dik zirtir nan a pawimawh a ni’ tiin a sawi a. A hma lama kan sawi tawh angin Lemchan chu thawnthu, mi ten an lo thlir theih tura chan chhuah a ni a. A thawnthu kha eng hawi zawng pawhin a ziah theih a, tunlaiah phei chuan mite zirtirna tur thu \ha tak tak te an ziak a, chungte chu lemchangtu zei leh thiam tak tak ten an rawn chang a. Mipuite rilru a hneh hma a, inzirtirnan a \angkai em em a ni.

2.      Sap pachal, khawvela thuziak thiam lar hmingthang, William Shakespeare chuan ‘lemchan hi mihring ze dik tak tarlanna darthlalang a ni’ a ti. Thawnthu ziah hmangin mihring nun zia kha ziah a a ni a, hmanlaia an awm dan leh nunphung te, tunlai khawvel nunphung te an tarlang a. A tak ang thei berin an chang \hin a, Entirnan, naupangte pawh a inkhualtelem chang hian an nu leh pa lemah te an chang a, an nu te ^n dan leh an thil sawi \hin te, pa ber ruih dan te, chhungkua awm dan hrim hrim kha an zir \hin a. Chu lemchan a\ang chuan an chhungkaw nunphung kha chiang takin a lang a, an chhungkaw darthlalang \ha tak a ni. Chutiangin lemchan hi hring nun phochhuahna a nih avangin a pawimawh em em a, thu leh hla huanga hlawm lian dang ai chuan mihring nun a tarlang chiang ber niin sawi thin a ni-

3.      Lemchan hi a phuahtu hun lai mil zela phuah a nih avangin engemaw chen chu a phuah hunlai chanchin zirnan a \angkai \hin. Entirnan, Shakespeare-a lemchan tam tak hi a hunlaia khawtlang nun behchhana a ziak te an nih avangin hetih hun laia an khawtlang nun leh mipui mimir nun te thil tam tak a hriat theih a. History zir nan pawh a \angkai em em a ni.

4.      Lemchan thawnthu ziah hi thiam bik an awm a, thu leh hla thiam nazawngin an ziak thiam vek lova. Thu tluang (essay) ziah ngawt ai chuan a har deuh bawk a, a ngaihnawm leh hmuhnawm tur phei chuan ngaihtuahna hman nasat a ngai hle a ni. Kan sawi tawh angin a hun laia khawtlang nun leh mimir nun phung nena inmil te, an \awng tualleng hman dan te thlenga inmil tura ziah a ngaih avangin a ziaktu hian a ziah hma in heng zawng zawng hi a zir hmasak vek a ngai \hin a. Chuvangin lemchan thawnthu ziah hi a hautak a, thiam bik nih a ngai. Lemchan thawnthu ziaktu ten an themthiamna (artistic skill) an pholanna remchang a ni.

5.      Lemchan thawnthu te hian hma a sawn chho zel a, tunlaiah chuan mipui hma (theatre) a chan tura ziah aiin Film-a chan theih tura ziah a nih tak vek avang hian lemchan thawnthu ruangam leh a pianhmang pawh a danglam chho ta zel a. Tunlai khawvela mi lar leh hmingthang ber berte hi lemchang thiam (actor) te an ni vek mai. Nitin mai hian film \ha tak tak a chhuak reng a, an lar phahin an hausak phah em em a ni. Hengte hi lemchan vek a ni a, amaherawh chu Drama kan tih tak nen chuan a inhrang leh hret awm e.

 A tlangkawmna atana ka sawi duh chu, lemchan hi Thu leh hla (literature) huanga pawimawh berte zinga mi a nih piah lamah mihring nun tarlanna darthlalang a ni tel bawk a. History zirna atan thil pawimawh tak a ni bawk a. A tam zawk hi thawnthu phuahchawp mai nimahse ‘hun’ behchhana ziak a ni tlangpui a, a \hen phei chu hman lai thil thleng denchhena ziak (historical play) a ni bawk a. Hei hian chanchin hlui (history) zirnaah nasa takin a pui \hin a ni.

Lemchan hi zirtu \henkhat phei chuan Literature ze \huang zingah a chungnung ber niin an sawi nghe nghe a. Hetiang khawpa pawimawh leh literature ti hlutu a nih avang hian Mizo thu leh hla a \han zel theihnan leh a changtlun zel theihnan lemchan (drama) ziah lamah hian ziak miten \an i la thar zel ang u.

Ka lawm e.

 

( Ni 9.3.2023-ah AIR ah Record a ni)